obesity political economic and interventions

public health

phases of the nutrition transition

1. hunter gatherer (High in CHO, protein and fiber, low in fat. High
   activity, lean body)

2. Agrarian (food insecure. low calories, protein and fat) high activity, childhood malnutrition, lean body

3. increasing consumption of F&V, animal protein, increasing inactivity

4. Increasing affluence, fat intakes, stress. Markedly sedentary
   lifestyle, overweight>>underweight

5. Awareness of benefits of balanced diet and activity. Healthy
   behavior adapted initially by affluent educated people

major causes of the obesity pandemic

• human innate preferences for fat and sugar

• higher income leads to higher fat and sugar purchases

• lower food prices, esp. veg oil

• globalization / centralization of the media to promote certain aspects of food culture

• technological factors that affect work and leisure, productivity and effort

• other changes in household purchasing patterns and time, e.g. meals eaten outside of home

bolded= linked to urbanization

urban settlements, regional cities, mid sized cities, large cities, megacities

US children living in rural areas tend to be more likely to be overweight, MORE physically active, and less food secure

(think about the reasons)

possible pathways (using cross sectional data)

• racial segregation

• chronic stress

• genetic predisposition

• income level

stratification

diving data out by levels of a variable. it is a method for controlling for the variable and explaining its role

(study of families among va)

• parental practices important to children’s long term health outcomes

• varied ability of school based programs to engage parents

• study aims determine perceived impact of the school health initiative program (SHIP)

• determine the effect of parenting capacities on parental involvement

methods: sample questions

Tell me about any ways that the Challenge Club helped your family
to work on healthy eating goals.

• What could SHIP have done differently to encourage your family to
be more physically active together?

• Most parents have to balance a lot of different priorities to help
their children succeed. How does healthy eating fit into this
balance for you?

• Tell me about any ways your own physical health influences your
child’s health.

results phase 1 (domains / drivers of success) :

• physical activity

• meeting parental preferences

• improved confidence and self esteem

• acquiring healthy habits

parents described phase 1 :

• successes of challenge clubs though many barriers to healthy habits and parental involvements exist

• barriers included:

• constrained finances

• child “pickness” related to family habits

• time

• transportation (newer due to school bus driver shortages)

results

• insufficient social support (husband example- sending husband to grocery store and him coming back with unhealthy foods such as chips, instant foods)

• time trade offs (not being able to cook as a full time employee- cook processed foods, quick meals, and eating out on occasion with fast foods )

continue from slide 30. results