CDI 315 Quiz #3 Study Guide

segmental features

segmental features

involve consonant and vowel sounds or phonemes

suprasegmental features

include stress, rhythm, intonation, pitch, length

prosody

the patterns of stress and intonation in a language

Patterns of intonation, timing, and loudness in speech that can convey nonlinguistic information.

“Meta–communication”

can affect the meaning of a message without changing linguistic elements (the words are the same)

prosody on a spectrogram

The pattern or contour of the F0 (pitch)

Duration and juncture

The pattern or contour of intensity (loudness)

juncture

pauses in between syllables to change the meaning of utterances

ex) I scream vs ice cream

loudness

pitch and ______ change in similar ways during an utterance. If one rises, so does the other

Stressed

_______ syllables are often louder, longer, and higher in pitch

prominence

A speaker can also manipulate loudness at the phrase/sentence level in order to convey meaning

intonation

Motor-speech disorders, such as dysarthria, can disrupt prosody.

People with autism may have less _______ in their utterances

accent

refers to the variations of how speech sounds are produced, when compared to native speakers of a region

dialect

refers to the linguistic aspects that are different, when compared to a native speaker

indexical properties

This is evidence of a speaker’s identity that is found in their speech. 

Humans find patterns in the world. We categorize speakers’ traits based on aspects of their speech.

intonation

We vary the pitch in a phrase to convey statements, questions, etc.

tone

Variations in pitch at the word level is

segments are speech sounds, suprasegmental elements are related to prosody

what is the difference between segmental and suprasegmental aspects of speech?

True

Prosody can change a speaker’s meaning through variations in loudness, timing, and intonation. T/F

False, dialect

An accent includes only linguistic characteristics, such as saying buggy instead of shopping cart T/F

indexical properties

Are pieces of evidence about a speakers identity conveyed through speech

up

When asking a question on a spectrogram, the pitch contour will go ______

False, prominence

Juncture indicates pauses within phrase due to punctuation T/F

longer, louder, higher in pitch

A stressed syllable in a word, compared to the other syllables will be…

prominence

When a speaker manipulates loudness at the phrase level to convey meaning (cdi is MY major) it is called

Breathy voice quality, using slang words from the 1970s, and higher than average pitch for a male

You are talking to a man you don’t know on the phone. What would indicate that he may be older?