Exam 2 Top 300 Drugs

carbamzepine trade name

Tegretol

carbamzepine indication

Focal-onset and generalized-onset seizures, neuropathic pain, bipolar disease

carbamzepine drug class

anticonvulsant

carbamzepine MOA

blocks the influx of sodium ions into neurons through voltage-gated sodium channels

carbamzepine pharmacogenetics

Use an alternative anticonvulsant in patients with a polymorphism in HLA-A3101 or HLA-B1502, increased risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome

codeine trade name

codeine

codeine indication

pain (off label-cough)

codeine class

opioid (CII-combo w/ acetaminophen, C-III-tablets, C-V liquid

codeine MOA

3-methylmorphine, a phenanthrene opioid with very low affinity for opioid receptors. Its analgesic activity appears to result from conversion to morphine.

codeine pharmacogenetics

CYP2D6 rapid metabolizers at risk of overdose; CYP2D6 poor metabolizers at risk of therapeutic failure

Levetiracetam class

Keppra

Levetiracetam indication

Adjunctive therapy for myoclonic, partial, and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures

levetiracetam class

anticonvulsant

levetiracetam MOA

a pyrrolidine derivative that is structurally unrelated to other AEDs. It binds selectively to the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) in the brain.

Levetiracetam pharmacogenetics

none known

lorazepam trade name

ativan

lorazepam indication

anxiety

lorazepam class

Benzodiazepine, Short or Intermediate Acting. C-IV

lorazepam MOA

Enhance the postsynaptic effect of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA.

lorazepam pharmacogenetics

none known

oxcarbazepine trade name

trileptal

oxcarbazepine indication

focal onset (partial seizure), off-label: trigeminal neuralgia

oxcarbazepine drug class

Dibenzazepine Carboxamide Anticonvulsant

oxcarbazepine MOA

a 10-keto analogue of carbamazepine that exerts its anticonvulsant effect through an active 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD). It blocks the influx of sodium ions into neurons through voltage-gated sodium channels.

Oxcarbazepine pharmacogenetics

Use an alternative anticonvulsant in HLA-A3101 positive or HLA-B1502 positive patients, increased risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome

phenytoin trade name

dilantin

phenytoin indication

Seizure, generalized tonic-clonic, complex partial, or following neurosurgery, treatment, and prophylaxis

Phenytoin drug class

Hydantoin Anticonvulsant

Phenytoin MOA

hydantoin that blocks sodium ion influx into neurons through voltage-gated sodium channels.

Phenytoin pharmacogenetics

Patients with HLA-B*1502 are at increased risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome