Nomenclature

1 carbon

methane, CH4

2 carbons

ethane, C2H6

3 carbons

propane, C3H8

4 carbons

butane, C4H10

5 carbons

Pentane, C5H12

6 carbons

Hexane, C6H14

7 carbons

Heptane, C7H16

8 carbons

Octane, C8H18

9 carbons

Nonane, C9H20

10 carbons

Decane, C10H22

11 carbons

Undecane, C11H24

12 carbons

Dodecane, C12H26

13 carbons

Tridecane, C13H28

20 carbons

Icosane, C20H42

30 carbons

Triacontane, C30H62

Carboxylic acid suffix

-oic acid

Ester suffix

-oate

Aldehyde suffix

-al

Ketone suffix

-one

Alcohol suffix

-ol

Amine suffix

-amine

Carboxylic acid, Ester, Aldehyde, Ketone, Alcohol, Amine

Hierarchy of functional groups that determines which is named as a suffix?

No functional group suffix

-e

Alcohol as a substituent

-hydroxy-

Amine as a substituent

-amino-

Ketone as a substituent

-keto-

Aldehyde as a substituent

-aldo-

Methanoic acid common name

Formic acid

Ethanoic acid common name

Acetic acid

Methanal common name

Formaldehyde

Ethanal common name

Acetaldehyde

Ethene common name

Ethylene

Ethyne common name

Acetylene