ANA101 - Directional and Regional Terms (Language of Anatomy)

_______________ means above

_______________ means above

superior
cranial
cephalic

_____________ means below

inferior
caudal

__________ means in front of

anterior
ventral

________ means behind

posterior
dorsal

________ means toward the midline

medial

_________ means away from the midline

lateral

________ means between a more medial and a more lateral structure

intermediate

________________ means closer to the point of attachment

proximal_

_____________ means farther from the point of attachment

distal

____________ means towards or at the body surface

superficial
external

___________ means away from the body surface; more internal

deep
internal

__________________ are structure that occurs on JUST ONE SIDE

unilateral

_________________ are structure that occurs on both sides

bilateral

_________________ are structures on the opposite side

contralateral

________________ are structures on the same side

ipsilateral

______________ are structures that cross the median plane

decussation

What are the regional terms?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

1. Cephalic

2. Thoracic

3. Abdominal

4. Back

5. Pelvic

6. Upper limb

7. Lower limb

8. Magnus

9. Pedal

What are the anatomical planes and sections?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5

1. Sagittal section

2. Midsagittal

3. Parasagittal

4. Coronal/Frontal

5. Transverse/Cross

_____________ for left vs. right
_____________ for left vs. right equal
_____________ for left vs. right but not equal

_____________ for anterior vs. posterior
_____________ for superior vs. inferior

Sagittal section
Midsagittal
Parasagittal
Coronal section
Transverse section

What are the Dorsal body cavities?
1.
2.

1. Cranial

2. Spinal

The Cranial body cavity houses the ___________ and it is protected by the _____________

brain
skull

The Spinal body cavity houses the _____________ and it is protected by the _____________

spinal cord
vertebrae

What are the ventral body cavities?
1.
2.

1. Thoracic

2. Abdominopelvic

The __________________ separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

diaphragm

The Thoracic cavity is SUPERIOR to the diaphragm and houses the _____________, _____________, and other organs. This cavity is protected by the ________________

Heart
Lungs
Ribcage

______________________ is the central region that separates lungs into right and left cavities. It houses the heart, trachea, and other visceral organs

Mediastinum

_____________________ is INFERIOR to the diaphragm

It has 2 divisions:
1. ____________________ - houses the stomach, liver, intestines, and others. It is protected by the TRUNK MUSCLES

2.____________________ - houses the reproductive organs, bladder, rectum. It is protected by the BONY PELVIS

Abdominopelvic
Abdominal
Pelvic

___________________ separates the abdominal from pelvic activities

No physical structure

What are the 4 Abdominopelvic quadrants?
1.
2.
3.
4.

1. Right upper quadrant

2. Left upper quadrant

3. Right lower quadrant

4. Left lower quadrant

What are the 9 Abdominopelvic regions?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

1. Right hypochondriac

2. Epigastric

3. Left hypochondriac

4. Right lumbar

5. Umbilical

6. Left lumbar

7. Right Iliac

8. Hypogastric

9. Left Iliac