geol test 2 textbook questions

A laccolith is what kind of pluton?

concordant/mushroom-shaped.

Which pair of the following igneous rocks has the same mineral composition?

andesite-diorite

Which one of the following statements about batholiths is correct?

They are composed mostly of granitic rocks.

The phenomenon by which pieces of country rock are detached and engulfed by rising magma is

stoping

The order in which minerals crystallized from mafic magma is called

Bowen's reaction series.

The unconsolidated sediment and pyroclasic materials as well as the debris derived by weathering that cover much of the land surface is called

regolith

Which one of the following processes is responsible for exfoliation domes?

pressure release.

The loose, angular debris derived by weathering that accumulates at the base of a slope is called

talus

Horizon C differs from other soil horizons in that it

grades downward into parent material

Which one of the following is a soil conservation practice?

contour plowing

Graded bedding commonly results from deposition by

turbidity currents

A type of sandstone that contains at least 25% feldspar minerals is called

arkose

Cross-bedding preserved in sedimentary rocks is a good indication of

ancient current directions

A vertical sequence of sedimentary rocks in which marine offshore facies overly nearshore facies results from

marine transgression

Traps for petroleum and natural gas that from by folding and fracturing of rocks are called_ traps.

Structural traps

From which of the following rock groups can metamorphic rocks form?

a._ volcanic.

b. _ sedimentary.

C.— plutonic.

d._ metamorphic.

e. - all of these.

Which is the correct metamorphic sequence of increasingly coarser grain size?

slate → phyllite → schist → gneiss. 

Metamorphism is most common along what type of plate boundary?

convergent plate boundaries

Which of the following are the three agents of meta-  morphism?

heat, pressure, fluid activity

Concentric zones surrounding an igneous intrusion and characterized by distinctive mineral assemblages are

aureoles

Which one of the following statements is correct?

A. Most volcanism takes place in continental

interiors.

B. Lava flows on composite volcanoes are pre-dominantly intermediate in composition.

C. Volcanism in the Cascade Range takes place at a divergent plate boundary.

D. The VEl rating for an eruption depends on the number of fatalities and injuries.

The shaking that occurs when magma moves beneath the surface is called

volcanic tremor

An incandescent cloud of gas and particles erupted by a volcano is a

nuée ardente

Water-saturated flows of volcanic debris are called

composite volcanoes

The most common gas emitted by volcanoes is

water vapor