APWH semester review

African independence

Two countries not colonized were Liberia and Ethiopia.

Mandates

Territories assigned to a country to administer on behalf of the League of Nations.

Chinese Civil War

A conflict fought between the Chinese Nationalist Party and the Communist Party.

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s.

Brezhnev Doctrine

The Soviet policy of intervention in the affairs of other socialist countries.

Containment

The U.S. policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Meiji Restoration

The period of Japan's rapid modernization and industrialization starting in 1868.

Regions: East Asia, Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe

Areas that include countries with diverse political, economic, and cultural histories.

Communism as a threat

The perceived danger of communism to industrialized capitalist nations.

Environmental effects of globalization

The impact of global integration on natural ecosystems and local environments.

Cold War

A geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States after WWII.

Opium War causes

The British trade of opium in China and Chinese efforts to suppress it.

Japan and China’s colonial history

Both countries faced external pressures and colonization during the imperial era.

Old vs New Imperialism

Old Imperialism involved exploration and conquest, while New Imperialism focused on economic exploitation.

Post WWII global economy

The economic landscape characterized by reconstruction and growth after the Second World War.

Imperialism reasons

Economic, political, and social motives driving countries to expand their empires.

European dynasties

Key royal families like the Romanov, Hapsburg, Windsor, and Hohenzollern.

Balfour Declaration

A statement expressing British support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

Leaders to start WWII

Key figures such as Adolf Hitler of Germany and Benito Mussolini of Italy.

Appeasement

Policy of conceding to aggressive demands to maintain peace.

Iron Curtain

The division between the Soviet bloc and the West during the Cold War.

NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a military alliance formed in 1949.

Jamaica Letter

A letter written by Simón Bolívar outlining his vision for Latin America.

Boxer Rebellion motives

Anti-foreign and anti-colonial sentiments in China during the early 1900s.

Economics of South America in 1800s

Characterized by export-led growth and reliance on agriculture and raw materials.

Increased global population causes

Advancements in medicine, agriculture, and sanitation leading to lower death rates.

Periodization

The classification of historical events into distinct periods for analysis.

Sepoy Rebellion causes

Discontent among Indian soldiers over cultural insensitivity and economic exploitation.

The Wealth of Nations

Adam Smith's work advocating for free markets and the benefits of specialization.

Nationalistic interpretation

The view that nationalism played a key role in the collapse of empires.

Decolonization

The process of former colonies gaining independence from colonial powers.

Second industrial revolution

Began in the late 19th century, marked by steel production, electricity, and chemical processes.