Behaviourist Approach

What is the key assumption of the behaviourist approach?

behaviour is learnt from the environment

what does classical conditioning say about behaviour?

behaviour is learnt through association

what was Pavlov’s aim?

to find out if a reflexive behaviour can be produced in new situations through learning

what was Pavlov’s procedure?

to condition the dog, Pavlov Peed a sound with a presentation of food. After it was conditioned, Pavlov presented the dog with the sound but no meat.

what were the findings in Pavlovs research?

The condition dog salivated nine seconds after hearing the sound after 45 seconds it had produced 11 drops of saliva.

what was Pavlovs conclusion?

We do learn by association.

how do you create a conditioned response?

pair an unconditioned stimulus with a neutral stimulus Overtime the neutral stimulus system becomes a condition stimulus which elicits a conditioned response

what does operant

what does operant conditioning say about behaviour?

That behaviour can be learnt by reinforcement

what are reinforces?

reinforces are things that make it more likely that we would do something again

what is positive reinforcement?

when our behaviour is with met reward increasing the frequency of the desired behaviour

what Is negative reinforcement?

when our behaviour leads to the avoidance of an unpleasant experience

what is punishment?

when our behaviour is met with an unpleasant consequence

what was Skinner’s aim?

To see if we can learn design behaviours by reinforcement

What was Skinner’s procedure?

A- rats activate lever = food so they keep on us pushing

B- rats push lever = electric shock rather than food

what were Skinner’s findings?

positive and negative reinforcement increased frequency of desired behaviour.

What was Skinner’s conclusion?

Learning can occur due to reinforcement