Food + Nutrition

What do biomolecules provide for the human body?

Building blocks for growth, repair, and energy.

From where do humans obtain biomolecules?

From their diet.

What is a balanced diet important for?

It provides people with biomolecules, minerals, and water.

What type of energy supply does starch provide?

Slow supply of energy.

List three sources of starch.

Potatoes, bread, pasta, and rice.

What type of energy supply do sugars provide?

Fast supply of energy.

What are three sources of sugar?

Fruit and sweets.

What does fibre help prevent?

Constipation.

Name three sources of fibre.

Whole wheat bread, fruit, vegetables, and cereals.

What is the primary function of protein in the body?

Growth and repair of cells, makes muscle, hair, and enzymes.

What are two sources of protein?

Lean meat, fish, pulses, and dairy.

What is the function of fats in the body?

Provide a store of energy and insulate and protect internal organs.

Name three sources of fats.

Meat, dairy, and chocolate.

What is the role of Vitamin C?

Healthy teeth, gums, joints, and immune system.

What are two sources of Vitamin C?

Fresh fruit and vegetables.

What is the role of Vitamin D?

Strong bones.

What is a source of Vitamin D?

Dairy.

What does iron build in the body?

Biomolecules, such as hemoglobin in red blood cells.

What are two sources of iron?

Meat and fresh fruit and vegetables.

What does calcium assist with?

Chemical reactions in cells.

Where can you find calcium?

Dairy.

What are the functions of water in the body?

Acts as a solvent, transports materials in blood, removes waste, regulates temperature.

Where can you find water?

Water, liquids, fruit, and vegetables.

How many portions of fruits and vegetables should one eat daily according to the food pyramid?

5-7 portions per day.

How many portions of carbohydrates should one consume daily?

3-5 portions per day.

What should be the daily intake of dairy according to the food pyramid?

3 portions per day.

How many portions of protein should be eaten daily?

2 portions per day.

What is the daily recommendation for fats intake?

Small amounts daily.

How often should high sugar and salt foods be consumed?

Not every day.

What factor affects diet related to growth?

Age.

How does sex affect dietary needs?

Males generally need more than females.

Name a factor related to genetics that can affect diet.

Physically larger and taller people may need more.

How does illness affect appetite?

When people are ill, they may lose their appetite.

What dietary need is influenced by physical activity?

More physically active people need to eat more.

What is the unit for measuring energy in food?

Joules (J).

What is food measured in when considering energy content?

Kilojoules (KJ).

What happens if a person consumes more energy than needed?

It is stored as fat.

What can excess fat lead to?

High blood pressure, increasing the chance of stroke or heart disease.

What is the chemical used to test for starch?

Iodine.

What color indicates the presence of starch when tested?

Black/blue.

How do you test for protein?

Use biuret reagent.

What color indicates the presence of protein?

Purple.

What material is used to test for fat?

Brown paper.

What indicates fat is present on brown paper?

Translucent spot.

How do you test for fat in a food sample?

Place a sample on paper and hold it up to the window.