Nasal cavity + scalenes + mastification

What are the bones of viscerocranium?

Vomer (1)

Maxillae (2)

Inferior nasal conchae (2)

Zygomatic bones (2)

Palatine bones (2)

Nasal bones (2)

Lacrimal bones (2)

Nasal bones

Vomer

Maxilla

Zygomatic bone

Inferior Nasal concha

Lacrimal bone

Zygomatic bone

Maxilla

Nasal bone

Lacrimal bone

Maxilla

Vomer

Nasal bone

Hard palate (maxilla)

Hard palate of (palatine)

Vomer

Choana

What are all the cavities in the head?

• orbits, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx [nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx] and larynx

Orbits

Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus

Oral cavity

Choanae

Cranial cavity

Zygomatic bone

Palatine bone

Sphenoid bone

Frontal bone

Optic canal

Ethmoid bone

Lacrimal bone

Nasal bone

Maxilla

What separates nasal and oral cavity?

Hard and soft palate

Choanae

Nasopharynx

Soft palate

Oropharynx

Oral cavity

Nares/Nostril

Nasal septum

What are the 3 meatuses in the nasal cavity?

Superior, middle and inferior meatuses

Superior meatus

Middle meatus

Inferior meatus

What are the 4 paransal sinuses?

Frontal sinuses, ethmoidal cells, maxillary sinuses and sphenoidal sinuses

Frontal sinus

Ethmoidal cells

Maxillary sinuses

Sphenoidal sinuses

What is it called when lips are closed?

Oral fissure

What are the 3 divisions of pharynx?

Naso, oro and laringo pharynx

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Laringopharynx

What is considered the nasal cavity?

From nostrils to nasopharynx

What are the 3 conchae and where are they located?

Within nasal cavity, inferomedial-shaped bony structures

What are the three regions of the nasal cavity?

Nasal vestibule (nostrils), respiratory regions (main part of nasal cavity) and olfactory regions (top)

Nasal vestibule

Respiratory regions

Olfactory regions

Superior conchae

Middle concha

Inferior concha

Sphenoidal sinus

Frontal sinus

Palatine tonsil

Lingual tonsil

Palatine tonsil

Uvula

Inferior constrictor muscles

Middle constrictor muscles

Superior constrictor muscles

Maxillary molars

Mandibular molars

Upper Esophageal Sphincter

Ramus

Ramus

Mandibular notch

Mandibular notch

Coronoid processes

Condylar process (circle = head, rest = neck)

Mental foramen

Mental protuberance

Infratemporal fossa

Masseter muscle (superficial layer)

Name of joint?

Temporomandibular joint, allows protrusion (forwards) and retrusion (backwards) and depression/elevation (up and down)

What two muscles are these?

Masseter superficial layer and masseter deep layer (elevate and protrusion)

Temporalis muscle (elevates and retracts)

What muscle and which heads?

Lateral pterygoid (superior and inferior heads) protrusion of mandible and helps chewing , also depresses mandible

What muscles and which heads?

Medial pterygoid muscle (superficial head and deep head) elevates and side to side movement of mandible and protrudes mandible

What is the yellow neve?

Mandibular nerve

What two girdles do we have and where are they?

Pectoral girdle = Shoulders and clavicles

Pelvic girdle = Pelvic bone

They encircle things

Which girdle?

Pectoral girdle

Sternocleidomastoid muscle (spinal accessory nerve CNXI)

flex, extends, laterally flex and rotates head to contralateral side

Trapezius (spinal accessory nerve CNXI)

What is in blue?

Posterior triangle

Sternocleidomastoid = anterior border

Trapezius = posterior border

Clavicle = inferior border

What is in green?

Anterior triangle

Sternocleidomastoid = lateral border

Mandible = superior border

Midline from mandible to sternum separating the two anterior triangles that are right next to each other

What contents in anterior triangle?

Larynx, Pharynx

Common carotid and internal jugular artery

Vagus nerve

Thyroid gland