AP Psychology: Classical Conditioning (Module 26)

learning

the process of acquiring relatively new and enduring information or behaviors

habituation

reduced response w/ repeated exposure to a stimulus

associative learning

learning that certain events occur together

classical conditioning

type of learning that associates two stimuli, expect and prepare for significant events

stimulus

any event or situation that evokes involuntary response

operant behavior

behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences

respondent behavior

automatic response to uncontrollable stimuli

operant conditioning

type of learning that associate response (behavior) and its consequence

behaviorism

view that psych should be an objective science based on observable behavior
- studies how organisms respond to stimuli in env
- ignore mental processes (todays psychologists disagree)

neutral stimulus

a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning

unconditioned response

an unlearned, naturally occurring response to unconditioned stimulus

unconditioned stimulus

stimulus that unconditionally (naturally) triggers unconditioned response

conditioned response

a learned response to previously neutral stimulus (but is now conditioned)

conditioned stimulus

originally a neutral stimulus, but after association with the unconditioned stimulus, triggers a conditioned response

acquisition

when the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus and triggers an unconditioned response

higher order conditioning

(aka second order conditioning) a second conditioned stimulus created when the conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus
ex. footsteps > bell > food

extinction

when unconditioned stimulus doesn't follow conditioned stimulus; diminished conditioned response

spontaneous recovery

reappearance of CR (without relearning or repairing US) after previously extinguished conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus
- extinction occurs prior

generalization

once a response is conditioned, stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus will elicit similar responses

discrimination

learned ability to distinguish between conditioned stimulus and similar stimulus that do not trigger CR