102.4-102.6 practice quiz (anatomy)

anatomy

A separate body structure composed of two or more different tissues is a(n)

organ

All of the following are bones of the cranium EXCEPT

metacarpal

Another name for the kneecap is

patella

Of the eight bones that compose the cranium, how many are affected by scalp massage?

frontal

Osteology is the study of:

bones

The 14 bones of the foot that form the digits are known as the:

phalanges

The 5 long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand are the

metacarpals

The 8 carpals held together with ligaments make up the

wrist

The bone located behind the eyes and nose that connects all the bones of the cranium is known as the:

sphenoid bone

The bone located on the little-finger side of the lower arm is the:

ulna

The bone that extends from the top of the eyes to the top of the head and forms the forehead is called the

frontal bone

The bone that forms the area from the throat to the shoulder is known as the:

clavicle

The bone that forms the back of the skull, indenting above the nape area, is the

occipital

The bone that makes up the lower jaw and is the largest bone of the facial skeleton is the:

mandible

The fourteen bones that form the digits or fingers of the hands are called the:

phalanges

The large, flat bone extending from the middle of the back upward to the joint where it attaches to the clavicle is called the:

scapula

The outer and narrower of the 2 lower leg bones, extending from the knee to the ankle, is known as the:

fibula

The parietal bones form the:

crown and upper sides of the head

The point at which two or more bones are joined together is called a:

joint

The seven bones that form the top part of the spinal column and are often manipulated in extended scalp massage are called the:

cervical vertebrae

The smallest two bones of the facial skeleton that form the front part of the inner, bottom wall of the eye socket are called the

lacrimal

The spongy bone found between the eyes that forms part of the nasal cavity is called the

ethmoid

The thumb has how many phalanges?

2

The two bones located on either side of the head, directly above the ears and below the parietal bones are the:

temporal bones

The two bones that form the upper jaw are the:

maxillae

The upper cheek and bottom of the eye socket are formed by the malar, also called:

zygomatic

The zygomatic bones are the two bones that form the:

upper cheek and the bottom of the eye socket

What is the technical term for bone?

os

Which body system has the function to give the body shape and strength?

skeletal system

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

sending and receiving body messages

Which of the following is the largest bone of the upper arm that extends from the elbow to the shoulder?

humerus

Which of the following is the thigh bone or the longest bone in the body?

femur

Which system has the function of surrounding and protecting internal organs?

skeletal system

Which system is the physical foundation of the body?

skeletal system

Which two bones join to form the bridge of the nose?

nasal

In the graphic below, what muscle does number 2 indicate?

occipitalis

In the graphic below, what portion of the muscle is indicated by the arrow?

insertion

Located above the corners of the mouth, which muscle raises the angle of the mouth, as in snarling?

caninus

Muscle makes up approximately what percentage of the body's weight?

40% to 50%

Muscles affected by massage are generally manipulated from the:

insertion attachment to origin attachment

Muscles that draw the fingers together are called:

adductors

Muscles that separate the fingers are called:

abductors

Myology is the study of the structure, function and diseases of the:

muscles

Number 1 in the diagram below illustrates the muscle that circles the mouth, contracts the lips and is known as:

orbicularis oris

One function of the muscular system includes supporting the

skeletal system

Raising the upper lip is accomplished by which of the following muscles?

quadratus labii superioris

The coordination of which two muscles enables the body to perform chewing (mastication)?

temporalis and masseter

The epicranius is formed by two muscles called the frontalis and the:

occipitalis

The frontalis and occipitalis muscles are joined by a tendon called the:

aponeurosis

The function of the masseter muscle is to

close the jaw

The midsection of the muscle is called the:

belly

The muscle located above and in front of the ear that performs both opening and closing the jaw, as in chewing, is called the

temporalis

The muscle located below the lower lip that pulls the lower lip down or to the side is known as the:

quadratus labii inferioris

The muscle located between the jaws and cheek that is responsible for compressing the cheek to release air outwardly, as in blowing is called the:

buccinator

The muscle located under the arm that helps in lifting the arm and in breathing is called:

serratus anterior

The muscle of the heart itself and the only muscle of its type in the human body is the:

cardiac muscle

The muscle that aids in drawing the head back and elevating the shoulder blades is known as the:

trapezius

The muscle that causes the foot to invert and turn outward is the:

peroneus longus

The muscle that circles the mouth and is responsible for contracting, puckering and wrinkling the lips, as in kissing or whistling, is known as:

orbicularis oris

The muscle that controls the eyebrows, drawing them in and downward is the:

corrugator

The muscle that runs across the front of the lower part of the radius and the ulna and turns the palm of the hand downward and inward is the:

pronator

The muscle that turns the palm of the hand up is the:

supinator

The muscles shown below control the closing of the eyelids and are known as:

orbicularis oculi

The muscles that assist in swinging the arms and extend across the front of the chest are called:

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

The muscles that cause the thumb to move toward the fingers, giving the ability to grasp or make a fist are called:

opponens

The muscles that respond to commands regulated by will are referred to as:

striated

The nonmoving portion of the muscle attached to bone or another fixed muscle is the

origin

The occipitalis muscle is located at the nape of the neck and draws the scalp:

back

The portion of the muscle that is joined to the movable attachments: bones, movable muscle or skin, is known as the:

insertion

The risorius is located at the corner of the mouth and draws the mouth up and out, as in the expression of:

grinning

The salon professional is primarily concerned with which type of muscles found in the head, face, neck, hands and arms?

voluntary

The triangle-shaped muscle that lifts the arm or turns it is the:

deltoid

What term means "in front of"?

anterior

Which muscle bends the wrist and closes the fingers?

flexor

Which muscle is responsible for drawing down the brow and wrinkling the area across the bridge of the nose?

procerus

Which muscle is used when nodding yes or no?

sternocleido mastoideus

Which muscle straightens the fingers and wrist?

extensor

Which muscle, illustrated below, draws the lower lip and corner of the mouth sideways and down, partially opening the mouth, as in surprise or fright?

platysma

Which of the following is NOT a part of the muscle?

tibia

Which of the following muscles flexes the joint of the small toe?

flexor digiti minimi brevis

Which of the following muscles is located on the outside of the lower leg and bends the foot up and extends the toes?

extensor digitorum longus

Which of the following muscles moves the big toe away from the other toes?

abductor hallucis

Which type of muscle responds automatically to control various body functions?

non-striated

Groups of cells of the same kind make up:

tissues

Most of the activities of the cell take place in the:

cytoplasm

Organs that eliminate water and waste products are the:

kidneys

The chemical process in which cells receive nutrients for cell growth and reproduction is known as:

metabolism

The control center of cell activities is called the:

nucleus

The function of the lungs is to:

supply the blood with oxygen

The organ responsible for removing toxic byproducts of digestion is the

liver

The organ that controls all body functions is the

brain

The outer surface of the cell that encloses the protoplasm is known as the:

cell membrane

The primary function of the excretory system is to:

eliminate waste products from the body

The process of building up larger molecules from small ones is:

anabolism

The purpose of the heart is to:

circulate blood

The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions is called:

catabolism

The stomach and which other organ are responsible for digesting food?

intestines

The study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye is called:

gross anatomy

The study of structures too small to be seen without using a microscope is called

microscopic anatomy

The study of the functions of the organs and systems of the body is known as

physiology