ORGAN FUNCTIONS - Lab Practical

Secrete adrenaline and cortisol

Adrenal glands

Regulates metabolism

Thyroid

Pumps blood throughout the body

Heart

Carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs

Pulmonary artery

Returns deoxygenated blood from upper body to heart

Superior vena cava

Surrounds and protects heart

Pericardium

Supplies oxygenated blood to right arm and head

Brachiocephalic artery

Returns deoxygenated blood from lower body to the heart

Inferior vena cava

Distributes oxygenated blood from heart to the upper body and head

Aortic arch

Supply oxygenated blood to head and brain

Common carotid arteries

Drain deoxygenated blood from brain and head

Internal jugular veins

Carries oxygenated blood to lower body

Thoracic aorta

Supply blood to arms and brain

Subclavian arteries

Drain blood from head and neck

External jugular veins

Supplies oxygenated blood to abdominal organs and lower body

Abdominal aorta

Deliver oxygenated blood to kidneys

Renal arteries

Carry deoxygenated blood away from kidneys

Renal veins

Carry deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta

Umbilical arteries

Delivers oxygenated blood to lower limbs

External iliac artery

Carry deoxygenated blood from legs to the inferior vena cava

External iliac veins

Carries oxygenated blood from placenta to the fetus

Umbilical vein

Filters blood and produces white blood cells

Spleen

Stimulates development of T cells

Thymus

Secrete saliva

Salivary glands

Produces bile

Liver

Forms and stores feces

Large intestine (B)

Stores and concentrates bile

Gallbladder

Separates oral and nasal cavities

Soft palate

Forms the roof of the mouth

Hard palate

Transports food from pharynx to stomach

Esophagus

Absorbs nutrients from food

Small intestine (A)

Stores feces

Rectum

Lines abdominal cavity

Peritoneum

Secretes pepsin to digest proteins

Stomach

Secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine

Pancreas

Regulates elimination of feces

Anus

Anchors intestines

Mesentery

Controls movement of chyme

Pyloric sphincter

Controls facial muscles

Facial nerve

Stimulates diaphragm for breathing

Phrenic nerve

Regulates involuntary functions

Vagus nerve

Assists in chewing, swallowing, and speech

Tongue

Contracts to bring air into lungs

Diaphragm

Elevates mandible for chewing

Masseter muscle

Passageway for air and food

Pharynx

Conducts air from larynx to bronchi

Trachea

Conducts air to right lung

Apical bronchus

Covers the trachea during swallowing

Epiglottis

Site of gas exchange between air and blood

Lungs

Directs air into right lung

Right primary bronchus

Produces sounds through vibrations of vocal folds

Larynx

Directs air into left lung

Left primary bronchus

Deliver milk to offspring in females

Mammary papillae

Covers opening of vagina and urinary tract

Genital papillae

Regulates temperature of testes

Scrotum

Filters blood and forms urine

Kidneys

Transports urine from bladder to outside of the body

Urethra

Stores urine

Urinary bladder

Transport urine from kidneys to bladder

Ureters

Produce eggs and female sex hormones

Ovaries

Receives penis and serves as birth canal

Vagina

Delivers sperm

Penis

Produce sperm and testosterone

Testes

Nourish and houses fertilized egg

Uterus

Passage for urinary and reproductive tracts in females

Urogenital sinus

Secrete mucus to lubricate urethra

Bulbourethral glands

Stores and matures sperm

Epididymis (3)

Transport eggs and site of fertilization

Uterine tube

Transports sperm to urethra

Vas deferens

Conduit between abdominal cavity and testis

Spermatic cord