Mathematics Review

Flashcards for vocabulary review

Voltage

Energy required to move 1 Coulomb of charge through an element

Fibonacci number

A number sequence where the succeeding term is obtained by adding the last pair of preceding terms (e.g., 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8)

Trivial solutions

Solutions to an equation that are equal to zero

Factoring

The process of expressing a polynomial as the product of other polynomials or monomials of lower degree

Point of inflection

A point where the concavity of a curve changes or when the slope of the curve is neither increasing nor decreasing.

Transverse axis

The axis of a hyperbola that passes through the center, foci, and vertices

Current

Rate of charge flow in electricity

Irrational

Number which cannot be expressed as a quotient of two integers.

Ohm’s Law

The voltage, v, across a resistor is directly proportional to the current, i, flowing through the resistor

Reflex

Angle that is greater than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees

Kirchhoff’s current law

The algebraic sum of currents entering a node (or a closed boundary) is zero

Giga

Opposite of the prefix nano

Scalene

A triangle having three unequal sides

Kirchhoff’s voltage law

The algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed path (or loop) is zero

Abscissa

The distance of a point from the y-axis

Resistance

Ability of an element to resist the flow of current

Conductance

Reciprocal of resistance in electrical circuits

Siemens

SI unit of conductance in electricity

Mode

Measure of central tendency defined as the most frequent score

Complex number

Logarithm of a negative number

Mil

The equivalent of one-thousandth of an inch

Ambiguous case

Case of a solution of a plane triangle where the given data leads to two solutions

Convex polygon

Polygon in which each interior angle is less than or equal to 180° and all vertices point outwards

Apothem

A line segment from the center of a regular polygon to the midpoint of a side

Tabular or roster form

Method of describing a set where elements are separated by commas and enclosed by braces

Deferred annuity

Series of equal payments occurring at equal intervals where the first payment is made after several periods.

Collective bargaining

Negotiation of wage rates, conditions of employment by representatives of labor and management

Market Value

The amount of a property a willing buyer will pay to a willing seller when neither is under compulsion

Logarithm

Integral of any quotient whose numerator is the differential of the denominator

Symmetric axiom

If a = b, then b = a axiom in algebra

Nonagon

A regular polygon that has 27 diagonals

Stirling’s Approximation

Formula to compute the value of n factorial, (n!), when n is large

Specific gravity of ivory soap is less than water

Ivory soap floats in water because the specific gravity is less than water

Perpendicular

If the product of the slopes of any two straight lines is negative 1, one of these lines is said to be

Dihedral angle

Two planes intersect with each other, the amount of divergence between the two planes is expressed by measuring the

Necessities

Products or services that are required to support human life and activities, that will be purchased in somewhat the same quantity even though the price varies considerably

Angle of elevation

Line of sight to the object makes with the horizontal which is above the eye of the observer

Consequent

Ratio of a number is 4:7 where number 7 is referred to as the

Cevian

A line segment joining a vertex of a triangle to a point on the opposite side

Cylindroid

A cylinder with elliptical cross section

Annulus

Area bounded by two concentric circles

Capital recovery

Replacement of the original cost of an investment

Break even point

Output or sales at which income is insufficient to equal operating cost

Depletion

The lessening of the value of an asset due to decrease in the quantity

Conjugate angle

Angles when added together will be equal to 360o

Acid test ratio

Ratio between the quick assets to the current liabilities

Marginal cost

Additional cost of producing one more unit of a product

The cosine is negative

Which is true regarding the signs of the natural functions for angles between 90o and 180o

Axis of the parabola

Line passing through the focus and perpendicular to the directrix of a parabola

Linear programming

The process of finding maximum or minimum values of a linear function under limiting conditions or constraints