Respiratory Pump and Lung Volumes

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the respiratory system and lung volumes, as outlined in the lecture notes.

Tidal Volume

The amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each normal breath, approximately 0.5 liters.

Vital Capacity (VC)

The total volume of air exhaled after maximal inspiration, approximately 5 liters in a normal healthy individual.

Diaphragm

The main muscle responsible for ventilation, contracting to increase chest volume during inspiration.

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

The volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after normal tidal volume expiration, approximately 2 liters.

Residual Volume (RV)

The amount of air remaining in the lungs after maximal expiration, approximately 1.2 liters.

Force Vital Capacity (FVC)

The maximum amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after taking the deepest breath possible, approximately 5 liters.

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

The maximum volume that the lungs can hold, approximately 6 liters, including vital capacity and residual volume.

Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)

The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a tidal volume breath, approximately 2.5 liters.

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal inspiration, approximately 2.5 liters.

Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

The total amount of air that can be inhaled after normal expiration, approximately 3 liters.

Accessory Muscles of Respiration

Muscles that assist with breathing, particularly during exercise, including the external intercostals and sternocleidomastoid.

Spirometry

A method used to measure lung volumes and capacities, but it cannot accurately measure residual volume.