Atoms Test
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42 Terms
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positively charged particles that help make up the nucleus
Proton
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are neutral particles. Neutrons have no electric charge
Neutrons
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are negatively charged particles. They are found outside in the nucleus of the atom. The electrons orbit the nucleus
Electrons
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It is considered anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter
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the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus
Atomic Mass
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Number
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the electrons on the outside of atom
Valence Electrons
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columns on the periodic table
Groups
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the horizontal rows on the periodic table
Periods
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hard, shiny elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity
Metals
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soft, brittle elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity
Non-metals
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share some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals
Metalloids
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Democritus
Who named the atom?
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Dalton
Who created the atomic theory?
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Mendeleev
Who created the first periodic table?
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Marie Curie
Who studied radiation?
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Bohr
Who discovered that electrons have orbitals (shells)?
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Lavoisier
Who discovered the Law of Conservation of Mass?
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JJ Thomson
Who discovered the electron?
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Rutherford
Who discovered the positively charged nucleus?
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Chadwick
Who discovered the neutron?
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2 electrons
How many electrons can fit into the first electron orbital?
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8 electrons
How many electrons can fit into the second electron orbital?
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8 electrons
How many electrons can fit into the third electron orbital?
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Protons and neutrons
What makes up the nucleus of the atom?
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Gravitational force, electromagnetic force, and strong nuclear force
What are the three forces that hold the atom together?
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They are smaller than the atom itself
Why are protons, neutrons, and electrons called subatomic particles?
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Neutron
Which subatomic particle is the heaviest?
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Electron
Which subatomic particle is the smallest?
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By its atomic number
How is the periodic table organized?
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Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
What are the three types of elements that make up the periodic table?
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atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
Isotope
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Alkali metals
Group 1 is known as ____
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Transition metals
**Groups 3-12 are known as ____**
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**metalloids and metals**
**What type of atoms are in group 13?**
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Non-metals
**_____ are poor conductors of electricity and heat**
**18**
**18**
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**The center part of the atom**
What is the nucleus?
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Halogens
Group 17 is known as ____
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Metals
_____ are good conductors of electricity and heat
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**alkaline earth metals**
Group 2 is known as ____
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Noble gases
**Which family does not react with other elements**
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Noble gases
**Group 18 is known as ____**