unit 2 hw 5: respiratory physiology

1st phase of respiration

inspiration

2nd phase of respiration

expiration

When the temperature is constant, volume and pressure are inversely related.

Boyle’s Law

the volume of air that can be inspired beyond a normal tidal respiration

inspiratory capacity

air that is expired beyond the tidal volume

expiratory reserve volume

150 cc/ml of air that fills the respiratory passageway and does not undergo gas exchange

dead air space

Inspiration comprises how much of the respiratory cycle?

10%

Expiration comprises how much of the respiratory cycle?

90%

air that remains in the lungs after maximum exhalation

residual volume

the amount of air exchanged in one respiratory cycle

tidal volume

pressure within between the pleura

intrapleural pressure

the volume of air that can be forcefully expired after maximal expiration

vital capacity

pressure below the level of the vocal folds

subglottal pressure

At the end of expiration and just prior to the initiation of inspiration

atmospheric pressure is equal to alveolar pressure and there is no air movement.

Expiration is considered passive during forced respiration. T/F?

False

Quiet tidal respiration involves the exchange of how much air with each cycle?

500 mL of air

When sitting, resting lung volume is how much of vital capacity?

40%

When in a supine position, resting lung volume is how much of vital capacity?

20%

a process in speech production in which the muscles of expiration are slowed down by the external intercostal muscles in order to control the flow of exhaled air

checking mechanism

air that is inspired beyond the tidal volume

inspiratory reserve volume

The interchondral portion of the internal intercostals act to depress the ribs during forced exhalation. T/F?

False

air that remains in the lungs after normal tidal expiration

functional residual capacity

When air pressure within the lungs is lower than atmospheric pressure, pulmonary pressure is ________ relative to the outside environment.

negative

During a typical respiratory cycle, inspiration comprises of how much of the cycle?

40% of the cycle

During a typical respiratory cycle, expiration comprises of how much of the cycle?

60% of the cycle

pressure within the oral cavity

intraoral pressure

term used to describe air pressure within the alveoli

alveolar/pulmonic pressure

the sum of all lung volumes

total lung capacity

The osseous portion of the internal intercostals act to depress the ribs during forced expiration. T/F?

True

Vital capacity _________ across the first 25 years of life.

increases

Vital capacity _________ with age thereafter.

decreases

The average rate of respiration in a healthy adult?

12-18 breaths per minute

an instrument used to measure the rate of airflow, lung volumes and capacities, and pressure as they relate to respiration

spirometer

Body position and posture do not play a significant role in respiration. T/F?

False

pressure within the alveoli

alveolar pressure