PreTest_Chapter 12 - Fungi_Algae_Protozoa_Helminths Word Document

In the condition called athlete's foot, the fungus Trichophyton consumes the keratin protein found in hair, nails, and dead skin. Which of the following descriptors does not apply to Trichophyton?

A) Saprobe
B) Parasite
C) Heterotroph
D) Eukaryote

A) Saprobe

A saprobe differs from a parasite in that _______.

A) a saprobe derives nutrients from dead plants and animals, but a parasite derives nutrients from living plants and animals
B) a saprobe has a pseudohyphae morphology, but a parasite has true hyphae

C) a saprobe has the ability to undergo meiosis to produce sexual spores, but a parasite can only perform mitosis to produce asexual spores
D) a saprobe is a fungus, but a parasite is a protozoan

A) a saprobe derives nutrients from dead plants and animals, but a parasite derives nutrients from living plants and animals

Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead plants and animals. These fungi are called ______.

A) saprobes
B) parasites
C) antagonists
D) free-living
E) mutualistic

A) saprobes

Endosymbiosis of a photosynthetic bacterial cell is widely accepted as an explanation for the development of chloroplasts. The presence of these endosymbiotic bacteria provided a cell with the advantage of ______.

A) photosynthesis
B) a membrane-bound nucleus
C) an electron transport chain
D) tolerance to oxygen
E) simple, rapid gene transfer

A) photosynthesis

Biologists have found evidence that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic organisms by a process of intracellular ______.
A) symbiosis
B) parasitism
C) commensalism
D) mutualism

A) symbiosis

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Protozoa; multicellular
B) Protozoa; unicellular
C) Fungi; unicellular
D) Helminths; multicellular
E) Algae; multicellular
F) Fungi; multicellular

A) Protozoa; multicellular

Protists include ______.
A) yeasts and molds
B) algae and protozoa
C) helminths
D) bacteria
E) viruses

B) algae and protozoa

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in bacterial cells?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Endoplasmic reticulum
D) Lysosomes
E) All of the choices are correct.

E) All of the choices are correct.

You are observing an organism under the microscope and you note that it has a cell wall, no chloroplasts, and a nucleus. Your prediction would be that this organism is a/an ______.
A) bacterium
B) fungus
C) alga
D) protozoan
E) virus

B) fungus

You are observing an organism under the microscope, and it is clearly multicellular with no cell walls. Your prediction is that this organism is a/an ______.
A) bacterium
B) fungus
C) alga
D) protozoan
E) helminth

E) helminth

Eukaryotic flagella differ from bacterial flagella because only eukaryotic flagella _______.
A) are used for cell motility
B) facilitate chemotaxis
C) facilitate phototaxis
D) are long, whip-like structures
E) contain microtubules

E) contain microtubules

Cilia are exhibited by certain ______.
A) protozoa
B) algae
C) fungi
D) bacteria
E) viruses

A) protozoa

As part of their reproductive cycle, helminths produce egg and sperm cells. Both of these eukaryotic cell types have an outer surface composed of polysaccharides known as the ______.

A) glycocalyx
B) cell wall
C) cell membrane
D) microtubule
E) cyst

A) glycocalyx

The glycocalyx of a eukaryotic cell is _______.

A) mostly polysaccharides
B) the site where many metabolic reactions occur
C) also called the cell wall
D) composed of many diverse proteins
E) a protective mechanism against osmotic lysis

A) mostly polysaccharides

Which of the following organisms has a cell wall?

A) Candida albicans
B) Trypanosoma cruzi
C) Entamoeba histolytica
D) Enterobius vermicularis

A) Candida albicans

Cell walls are not typically possessed by ______.
A) protozoa
B) algae
C) fungi
D) bacteria

A) protozoa

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of ______.

A) protozoa
B) algae
C) fungi
D) bacteria
E) helminths

C) fungi

The cell membranes of bacteria and eukaryotes are quite similar, differing only in _______.
A) the presence of sterols
B) the presence of phospholipids
C) being selectively permeable
D) the presence of proteins in the bilayer
E) the ability to transport wastes out of the cell

A) the presence of sterols

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis is the ______.

A) ribosome
B) nucleolus
C) nucleus
D) Golgi apparatus
E) lysosome

B) nucleolus

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible, thread-like mass called ______.

A) the nuclear envelope
B) the nucleosome
C) the nucleolus
D) nucleoplasm
E) chromatin

E) chromatin

Histones are _______.

A) found in polyribosomes
B) enzymes found in lysosomes
C) proteins of the cytoskeleton
D) proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus
E) on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum

D) proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus

Which organelle is found in algae but not in protozoa or fungi?

A) Mitochondria
B) Lysosomes
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Chloroplasts
E) Endoplasmic reticulum

D) Chloroplasts

The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a bacterial cell is the ______.

A) nucleus
B) Golgi apparatus
C) mitochondrion
D) lysosome
E) ribosome

C) mitochondrion

The size of a eukaryotic ribosome is ______.
A) 30S
B) 40S
C) 50S
D) 70S
E) 80S

E) 80S

When fungal buds remain attached in a row following cell division, the resulting chains of yeast cells are called ______.

A) pseudohyphae
B) septa
C) molds
D) dimorphic
E) mycelia

A) pseudohyphae

The long, thread-like branching cells of molds are called ______.

A) conidiophores
B) pseudohyphae
C) hyphae
D) septa
E) asci

C) hyphae

Fungi that grow as yeasts at one temperature but as molds at another temperature are called ______.

A) dimorphic
B) saprobes
C) pseudohyphae
D) spores
E) parasites

A) dimorphic

The intertwined mass of hyphae that constitutes the body of a mold is a ______.

A) stem
B) rhizoid
C) stock
D) bud
E) mycelium

E) mycelium

In producing beer and wine, humans have exploited the microbial ability to ferment sugar to alcohol. The microbes responsible for this process are ______.
A) fungi
B) bacteria
C) algae
D) protozoans

A) fungi

The motile, feeding stage of protozoa is called the ______.
A) trophozoite
B) cyst
C) sporozoite
D) oocyst
E) food vacuole

A) trophozoite

Protozoa are classified into four groups based on ______

A) how they move
B) their required nutrients
C) the resistance properties of their cysts
D) their pathogenicity

A) how they move

A protozoan having a flagellum would be classified in the genus ______.
A) Entamoeba
B) Toxoplasma
C) Trypanosoma
D) Plasmodium
E) Enterobius

C) Trypanosoma

A group of protozoa that are not motile are the ______.
A) amoebas
B) ciliates
C) trophozoites
D) Plasmodium sp.
E) dimorphic

D) Plasmodium sp.

During unfavorable growth conditions, many protozoa can convert to a resistant, dormant stage called a/an ______.

A) endospore
B) cyst
C) seed
D) trophozoite
E) sporozoa

B) cyst

A specimen from a patient suffering diarrhea shows a one-celled organism in the microscope. The organism moves very slowly by protruding its cytoplasm. You would predict that the patient has an infection caused by ______.
A) Entamoeba
B) Toxoplasma
C) Trichomonas
D) Giardia
E) Plasmodium

A) Entamoeba

Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through _______.

A) the fecal-oral route from contaminated food or water
B) direct transmission from one host to another
C) puncture wounds
D) insect bites
E) contaminated blood product

A) the fecal-oral route from contaminated food or wate

After returning from a trip to Africa, Tom feels tired and weak and has severe anemia. A blood smear reveals a protozoan in his blood and the health care provider diagnoses malaria. Which of the following could be the causative agent of this disease?
A) HIV
B) Taeniasolium
C) Plasmodium vivax
D) Trichophytonrubrum
E) Giardia lamblia

C) Plasmodium vivax

The two major groups of helminths are the ______ and the ______.

A) roundworms; flatworms
B) tapeworms; flukes
C) roundworms; pinworms
D) cestodes; trematodes

A) roundworms; flatworms

In humans, helminths generally infect the ______.
A) gastrointestinal tract
B) urinary tract
C) nervous system
D) muscular system
E) skin

A) gastrointestinal tract

All of the following are helminths except ______.

A) pinworms
B) flukes
C) trypanosomes
D) roundworms
E) tapeworms

C) trypanosomes

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of ______.

A) protozoa
B) algae
C) helminths
D) fungi
E) yeasts

C) helminths

Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host?

A) Primary host
B) Secondary host
C) Definitive host
D) Transport host
E) Mating occurs in all hosts.

C) Definitive host

Larval development of helminths occurs in which host?

A) Primary host
B) Intermediate host
C) Definitive host
D) Transport host
E) Larvaldevelopment takes place in all hosts.

B) Intermediate host

Parasitic helminths have a highly developed ______ system to enhance host transmission.

A) digestive
B) nervous
C) respiratory
D) muscular
E) reproductive

E) reproductive

Eating undercooked meat can lead to food-borne disease via helminthic infection. What is the common host for Taenia solium?

A) Geese
B) Ducks
C) Pigs
D) Cows
E) Chickens

C) Pigs

In the life cycle of the pinworm Enterobius, a common pediatric infection, the child carries the adult worm in his/her intestine. The adult worm releases eggs, which are transmitted out of the body in the feces. The child will scratch the itching anal region, picking up the worm eggs and re-inserting them into his/her mouth. For this helminth life cycle, the human is the ______ host.

A) intermediate
B) definitive
C) primary
D) intermediate and definitive

D) intermediate and definitive