PICLAB-M1-2

PPE or Personal Protective Equipment

Specialized clothing/equipment worn for protection against hazardous and infectious materials

Gloves

PPE for protecting hands

Gowns/Apron

PPE for protecting skin/clothes

Masks and Respirators

PPE for protecting mouth/nose

Goggles

PPE for protecting eyes

Face Shields

PPE for protecting face, mouth, nose, and eyes

GOWN > MASK > GOGGLES/FACESHIELD > GLOVES

Sequence for donning PPE

GLOVES > GOGGLES > GOWN > MASK/FACESHIELD >

Sequence for removing PPE

BEAKERS

Used for mixing, stirring, and heating chemicals. Have a spout on the rim for easy pouring.

ERLENMEYER FLASK

aka Conical Flask; narrow neck and expands toward the base.

Easy swirling without risk of spilling; allows the use of a stopper

FLORENCE FLASK

aka Boiling Flask; round bottom and long neck.

Used to hold liquids and can be easily swirled and heated

TEST TUBES

Used to hold small samples for qualitative assessment and comparison

CRUCIBLE

Small clay cup for heating substances

CRUCIBLE TONG

Used to hold Crucible

WATCH GLASS

A round piece of glass that is slightly concave/convex

can hold small amount of liquid for evaporation

FUNNEL

Used to channel liquid or fine-grounded substances into containers with small opening

GRADUATED CYLINDER

Used for measuring volume of liquids

VOLUMETRIC FLASK

Round flask with a long neck; used to measure an exact volume of liquid

DROPPERS

Small glass tubes with a rubber bulb on the other end

Suck up liquid and squeezed out in small drops

PIPETTE

Measuring EXACT volume of liquid and placing in another container

BURETTE

Glass tube with a stopcock at the bottom to control the amount of liquid being released. Used for Titration

VOLUMETRIC PIPETTE

Pipette with a specific amount measurement

GRADUATED/MOHR’S PIPETTE

Pipette with different amounts can be measured

IRON STAND

Used to suspend burettes, beakers, flasks, and crucibles

FORCEPS

Used for grabbing things that shouldn’t be held by hands

SPATULA AND SCOOPULAS

Used for scooping chemicals

THERMOMETER

Used for measuring temperature

BUNSEN BURNER

Heat source; a knob is used to adjust the amount of gas flow and rotating collar to control the airflow

BALANCE

Used to measure mass

ANALYTICAL BALANCE

Most accurate laboratory balance used to measure mass; Sample is measured inside a clear box with doors on the side or top

READABILITY

the smallest increment of mass can be indicated

typical balance with a capacity of 100-200g and a readability of 0.01-0.1 mg

TOP-LOADING BALANCE

balance without a draft shield

TRIPLE-BEAM BALANCE

Sample is on one side and weights are moved to find the equilibrium between the two objects.

TEST TUBE BRUSH

Used for cleaning test tubes and other narrow mouth glasswares

WIRE GAUZE

Used to distribute heat evenly and support beakers during heating

CLAY TRIANGLE

Has an open center and is used to suspend crucibles while heating

EVAPORATING DISH

Made of porcelain or borosilicate glass; used to heat liquids for evaporation

REAGENT BOTTLE

Made of glass, plastic, borosilicate, and toppeed by cpas or stoppers

used to contain chemicals; brown colored

TEST TUBE HOLDER

Used to move text tubes

TRIPOD

3 legged platform used to support or hold flasks and beakers

STIRRING ROD/GLASS ROD

Used to mix chemicals and liquids

MICROSCOPE

Used for viewing very small objects

PORTAR AND PESTLE

Used to crush, mash, or grind substances

ALCOHOL LAMP

Used to produce an open flame for heating, sterilization, or combustion; uses alcohol as a fuel

ASPIRATOR (BULB)

Used for sucking or absorbing liquid through a narrow tube.

Squeezed to form a vacuum to suck in liquids

ADAPTER

Used to connect 2 other pieces of jointware to each other

SEPARATORY FUNNEL

Used in liquid-liquid extraction to separate partitions of 2 immiscible liquids of different densities

CONDENSER

Long circular glass tube with another inner smaller tube

used to cool hot gases into liquids; Condenses gas in the small tube.

DISTILLING FLASK

Used to separate mixtures of 2 liquids with different boiling points

FERMENTATION TUBE

Used to verify gas production in fermentation

PETRI DISH

Shallow cylindrical glass or plastic dish with a lid; used to culture cells

PYCNOMETER

Small glass bottle of known volume for determining relative density of liquid and solids by weighing

CASSIA FLASK

Small volumetric flask; used for determining cinnamaldehyde in cassia bark and other cinnamons

CHROMIC ACID CLEANING SOLUTION

cleansing solution for coagulated organic matter

NITRIC ACID OR AQUA REGIA

Special type of precipitate may require these chemicals for cleaning

LABORATORY EQUIPMENT

Devices for performing experiments

LABORATORY TECHNIQUES

processes and practices recommended while using various equipments in the lab

Preliminary steps

Cleaning > Rinsing and drying > workplace > labeling

PRECIPITATION

A precipitating agent is added in small drops while shaking/stirring/swirling; chemical reaction that occurs in aqueous solution when 2 ions bonds together

CLEAR

liquid that looks transparent

COLORLESS

Liquid with no color

DECANTATION

Process of removing liquid from solid; mixture is tilted until the top layer (liquid) is poured

FILTRATION

Act of using a membrane that allows passage of liquid

FILTER PAPER

Membrane used to filter

FILTRATE

filtered liquid after filtration

RESIDUE

Collected solid in the membrane

FLUTED FILTER PAPER

best folding for organic solvents; higher surface area

GRAVITY FILTRATION

Precipitate allowed to settle and the supernatant liquid should be pured through the filter; utilizes gravity to filter

CENTRIFUGATION

separation process that utilizes centrifugal force to promote accumulation of setting of particles in a solid- liquid mixture

ATOM

Smallest particle of an element; building blocks of atomic structures; Fundamental unit of matter

MASS NUMBER

Signifies the number of protons + number of neutrons

ATOMIC NUMBER

Signifies the number of protons

GROUPS OR FAMILIES

Vertical Columns

PERIODS

Horizontal Rows

IONS

electrically charged particle formed due to transfer of electrons

CATIONS

Loss of electron; valence charge becomes positive

ANIONS

Gain of electron; valence charge becomes negative

METALS

Cations are usually ____

NON-METALS

Anions are usually _______

-IC (HICCUP)

suffix for higher charge in cation

-OUS (LOWOUS)

Suffix for lower charge in cation

-IUM

Suffix for cations formed from nonmetal atoms

SYSTEMATIC SYSTEM

Nomenclature system that uses roman numerals to signify the amount of charge

CLASSICAL SYSTEM

Nomenclature system that uses suffixes -ic and -ous

-IDE

Suffix used for monoatomic anions

-ATE / -ITE

Suffix used for polyatomic anions containing oxygen; called OXYANIONS

PER- / HYPO-

Prefix used for oxyanions with 4 members

PER______ATE

HIGHEST level (ANIONS)

-ATE

2ND HIGHEST Level (ANIONS)

-ITE

LOWER LEVEL (ANIONS)

HYPO______ITE

LOWEST LEVEL (ANIONS)

BI-

Prefix signifying additional hydrogen