Studied by 62 peopleWhat passes through the caval foramen?
Caudal vena cava
Where does the caudal vena cava pass through the diaphragm?
Caval foramen
What structures pass through the diaphragm?
Caudal vena cava
aorta
azygous vein
thoracic duct
esophagus
vagal nerve trunks
esophageal vessels
What passes through the esophageal hiatus?
esophagus
vagal nerve trunks
esophageal vessels
What passes through the aortic hiatus?
aorta
azygous vein
thoracic duct
What is the main duct that stems DIRECTLY off of the gall bladder?
Cystic duct
What are the ducts that branch off the cystic duct off the gall bladder?
hepatic ducts
What is the name of the duct that forms when the last hepatic duct branches off?
bile duct
What side of the body is the spleen found?
Left
How many lobes does the liver have?
6
Which lobe of the liver contains a fossa for the gallbladder?
Right medial lobe
Which liver lobe is located between the left and right medial lobes?
quadrate lobe
Where does the caudal epigastric artery stem from?
deep femoral artery
What four vessels supply the abdominal wall?
cranial abdominal artery
cranial epigastric artery
caudal epigastric artery
deep circumflex iliac artery
What is the name of the vaginal process in the male?
vaginal tunic
What is the vaginal tunic?
a diverticulum of peritoneum in the male that encases the testis and spermatic cord
What is a diverticulum?
An outpouching that forms a sac
Where does the bladder lie when contracted?
Pelvic inlet
Is the diaphragm a muscle of inspiration or expiration?
Inspiration
What is the median ligament of the bladder?
ligament on midline of the bladder connecting it to the body.
Does not actually contain urachus, rather it sat on top of this structure
What is the space between the superficial and deep leaves of the greater omentum called?
omentum bursa
What is the omental bursa?
the space between the superficial and deep leaves of the greater omentum
What is the purpose of the greater omentum?
chemotactic properties
Is the falciform ligament a fetal structure?
NO, it wrapped around a fetal structure
What fetal structure remnant did the falciform ligament encompass?
round ligament of the liver
Where is the ductus deferens in relation to the testicular artery/vein?
lateral (right next to)
What is parietal vaginal tunic?
the layer that surrounds the testis from the deep inguinal ring to the bottom of the scrotum
What is the visceral vaginal tunic?
the layer that is directly on the testis, ductus deferens, and epididymus
What is mesochorium?
connects mesentary of the testis holding vessels and nerves
What is the mesoductus deferens?
connects mesentary that attaches ductus deferens to body wall and to the mesochorium
What connects the tail of the epididymis to the testis?
proper ligament of the testis
What structures does the spermatic cord hold?
Ductus deferens, testicular artery, testicular vein
What is the testicular artery a branch off of?
aorta
What is the testicular vein a continuation of?
caudal vena vava
What covers the vessels and nerves of the testicles?
Mesochorium
What is the function of the pampiniform plexus?
to supply blood to the spermatic cord and testes
What does the ductus deferens connect to?
urethra
Where on the testis is the epididymis located?
Lateral side
What is the function of the epididymis?
transport sperm from testis to ductus deferens
What is the pampiniform plexus?
the testicular vein wrapped around the spermatic cord (ductus deferens and testicular artery)
What is the function of the ductus deferens?
to carry sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
Trace a sperm from the earliest point to the urethra
testis -> head of epididymis -> body of epididymis -> tail of epididymis -> ductus deferens -> urethra
Where does the epididymis connect to the ductus deferens?
tail of the epididymis
What do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain?
mammae, prepuce, scrotum, and ventral abdominal wall
What is the difference between the abdominal cavity and the peritoneal cavity?
The peritoneal cavity lives within the abdominal cavity
What is the abdominal cavity bound by?
Diaphragm, ribs, and abdominal wall
What lines the abdominal cavity?
peritoneum
What is the peritoneal cavity?
the space between the visceral peritoneum on the organs of the abdomen and the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall
What organs are within the peritoneal cavity?
NONE
What is the visceral peritoneum?
present on visceral organs
What is the parietal peritoneum?
lining the abdominal cavity
What is connecting peritoneum?
extends between parietal and visceral peritoneum to form mesentary that suspends organs
What is mesoductus deferens?
the vaginal tunic that wraps around the ductus deferens to connect it to the body wall
What is the mesochorium?
the vaginal tunic that wraps around the pampiniform plexus (testicular vein) and testicular artery
What are the six lobes of the liver
Left lateral lobe
Left medial lobe
Quadrate lobe
Right medial lobe
right lateral lobe
Caudate lobe
How many lobes are within the liver?
6
How many parts are there to the pancreas?
3
What are the three parts of the pancreas?
right lobe
body
left lobe
What shape is the pancreas?
boomarang
Where does the pancreas sit?
Between the duodenum, cecum, and stomach
What are the two papilla present in the descending duodenum?
Major and minor duodenal papilla
What connects to the major duodenal papilla?
bile duct and pancreatic duct
What connects to the minor duodenal papilla?
accessory duct
Trace food from the top of the stomach to the rectum with as many large vocabulary parts as possible
esophagus
cardia
fundus (if sneaks to left side) or body of stomach
pylorus (through pyloric sphincter)
cranial duodenum
cranial duodenal flexure
descending duodenum
caudal duodenal flexure
ascending duodenum
duodenual-jejunal flexure
jejunum
ileum
cecum
ascending colon
right colic flexure
transverse colon
left colic flexure
descending colon
rectum
When does the colon become the rectum?
After it passes the pubis
How can you tell the ileum and jejunum apart grossly?
They connect where the antimesenteric artery is found
What are the two curvatures of the stomach?
Greater and lesser curvatures
Where is the greater curvature of the stomach?
Caudal border of the stomach
Where is the lesser curvature of the stomach?
cranial border of the stomach
What are the three major parts of the small intestine?
dudodenum, jejunum, ileum
What blood vessels supply the jejunum?
cranial mesenteric artery jejunal arteries
What does the cranial mesenteric artery supply?
jejunum
Where is the cecum found?
where the colon and ileum join
What is the ilocolic orriface?
where the ileum and colon join
What is the cecocolic oriface?
where the cecum and ascending colon join
Where can you find the adrenal glands?
cranial aspect of the kidney
Why does the adrenal gland have a deep groove on the ventral surface?
That is where the caudal phrenic vein and cranial abdominal veins lay
What is the ventral kidney covered by?
peritoneum
What is the dorsal kidney covered by?
idk but not peritoneum
What is the hilus?
a medial indentation where renal nerves, renal vessels, and ureters live
Explain the relationship in location between the right and left kidneys.
The right kidney is more cranial than the left
Where specifically does the right kidney live?
Opposite the first three lumbar vertebrae
Where specifically does the left kidney live?
opposite the second, third, and fourth lumbar vertebrae
What is the renal sinus?
the fat filled center around the ureter expansion in the kidney
What is the renal pelvis?
the expanded part of the ureter directly poking into the kidney
What is the renal cortex?
the outer portion of the inside of the kidney
What is the renal medulla?
The inner portion of the inside of the kidney filled with collecting tubes
What is the renal crest?
the "dip" of the ureter that opens into the kidney
What is the function of the renal crest?
collecting tubules excrete urine into renal pelvis
What is mesentery?
attaches intestines to dorsal body wall
What is the root of the mesentery?
A bunch of connecting peritoneum that connects at the dorsal body wall
What side of the body is the spleen on?
left
What side of the body is the pancreas on?
right
What side of the body is the stomach on?
left
What side of the body is the gall bladder on?
right
What is the gubernaculum?
the fetal structure responsible for pulling the gonads down into the scrotum if Y chromosome signals are present
Where does the gubernaculum live?
within the vaginal tunic
Which ligament associated with the testis must be broken in a neuter?
Ligament of the tail of the epididymis which is the adult gubernaculum
What is the adult remnant of the gubernaculum in the male?
Ligament of the tail of the epididymis and proper ligament of the testis
What are the structures that make up the broad ligament?
mesometrium, mesosalpinx, and mesovarium
Note
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