Anatomy Final Information

Best to use on shuffle mode!

What passes through the caval foramen?

Caudal vena cava

Where does the caudal vena cava pass through the diaphragm?

Caval foramen

What structures pass through the diaphragm?

1. Caudal vena cava
2. aorta
3. azygous vein
4. thoracic duct
5. esophagus
6. vagal nerve trunks
7. esophageal vessels

What passes through the esophageal hiatus?

1. esophagus
2. vagal nerve trunks
3. esophageal vessels

What passes through the aortic hiatus?

1. aorta
2. azygous vein
3. thoracic duct

What is the main duct that stems DIRECTLY off of the gall bladder?

Cystic duct

What are the ducts that branch off the cystic duct off the gall bladder?

hepatic ducts

What is the name of the duct that forms when the last hepatic duct branches off?

bile duct

What side of the body is the spleen found?

Left

How many lobes does the liver have?

6

Which lobe of the liver contains a fossa for the gallbladder?

Right medial lobe

Which liver lobe is located between the left and right medial lobes?

quadrate lobe

Where does the caudal epigastric artery stem from?

deep femoral artery

What four vessels supply the abdominal wall?

1. cranial abdominal artery
2. cranial epigastric artery
3. caudal epigastric artery
4. deep circumflex iliac artery

What is the name of the vaginal process in the male?

vaginal tunic

What is the vaginal tunic?

a diverticulum of peritoneum in the male that encases the testis and spermatic cord

What is a diverticulum?

An outpouching that forms a sac

Where does the bladder lie when contracted?

Pelvic inlet

Is the diaphragm a muscle of inspiration or expiration?

Inspiration

What is the median ligament of the bladder?

ligament on midline of the bladder connecting it to the body.

Does not actually contain urachus, rather it sat on top of this structure

What is the space between the superficial and deep leaves of the greater omentum called?

omentum bursa

What is the omental bursa?

the space between the superficial and deep leaves of the greater omentum

What is the purpose of the greater omentum?

chemotactic properties

Is the falciform ligament a fetal structure?

NO, it wrapped around a fetal structure

What fetal structure remnant did the falciform ligament encompass?

round ligament of the liver

Where is the ductus deferens in relation to the testicular artery/vein?

lateral (right next to)

What is parietal vaginal tunic?

the layer that surrounds the testis from the deep inguinal ring to the bottom of the scrotum

What is the visceral vaginal tunic?

the layer that is directly on the testis, ductus deferens, and epididymus

What is mesochorium?

connects mesentary of the testis holding vessels and nerves

What is the mesoductus deferens?

connects mesentary that attaches ductus deferens to body wall and to the mesochorium

What connects the tail of the epididymis to the testis?

proper ligament of the testis

What structures does the spermatic cord hold?

Ductus deferens, testicular artery, testicular vein

What is the testicular artery a branch off of?

aorta

What is the testicular vein a continuation of?

caudal vena vava

What covers the vessels and nerves of the testicles?

Mesochorium

What is the function of the pampiniform plexus?

to supply blood to the spermatic cord and testes

What does the ductus deferens connect to?

urethra

Where on the testis is the epididymis located?

Lateral side

What is the function of the epididymis?

transport sperm from testis to ductus deferens

What is the pampiniform plexus?

the testicular vein wrapped around the spermatic cord (ductus deferens and testicular artery)

What is the function of the ductus deferens?

to carry sperm from the epididymis to the urethra

Trace a sperm from the earliest point to the urethra

testis -> head of epididymis -> body of epididymis -> tail of epididymis -> ductus deferens -> urethra

Where does the epididymis connect to the ductus deferens?

tail of the epididymis

What do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain?

mammae, prepuce, scrotum, and ventral abdominal wall

What is the difference between the abdominal cavity and the peritoneal cavity?

The peritoneal cavity lives within the abdominal cavity

What is the abdominal cavity bound by?

Diaphragm, ribs, and abdominal wall

What lines the abdominal cavity?

peritoneum

What is the peritoneal cavity?

the space between the visceral peritoneum on the organs of the abdomen and the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall

What organs are within the peritoneal cavity?

NONE

What is the visceral peritoneum?

present on visceral organs

What is the parietal peritoneum?

lining the abdominal cavity

What is connecting peritoneum?

extends between parietal and visceral peritoneum to form mesentary that suspends organs

What is mesoductus deferens?

the vaginal tunic that wraps around the ductus deferens to connect it to the body wall

What is the mesochorium?

the vaginal tunic that wraps around the pampiniform plexus (testicular vein) and testicular artery

What are the six lobes of the liver

1. Left lateral lobe
2. Left medial lobe
3. Quadrate lobe
4. Right medial lobe
5. right lateral lobe
6. Caudate lobe

How many lobes are within the liver?

6

How many parts are there to the pancreas?

3

What are the three parts of the pancreas?

1. right lobe
2. body
3. left lobe

What shape is the pancreas?

boomarang

Where does the pancreas sit?

Between the duodenum, cecum, and stomach

What are the two papilla present in the descending duodenum?

Major and minor duodenal papilla

What connects to the major duodenal papilla?

bile duct and pancreatic duct

What connects to the minor duodenal papilla?

accessory duct

Trace food from the top of the stomach to the rectum with as many large vocabulary parts as possible

1. esophagus
2. cardia
3. fundus (if sneaks to left side) or body of stomach
4. pylorus (through pyloric sphincter)
5. cranial duodenum
6. cranial duodenal flexure
7. descending duodenum
8. caudal duodenal flexure
9. ascending duodenum
10. duodenual-jejunal flexure
11. jejunum
12. ileum
13. cecum
14. ascending colon
15. right colic flexure
16. transverse colon
17. left colic flexure
18. descending colon
19. rectum

When does the colon become the rectum?

After it passes the pubis

How can you tell the ileum and jejunum apart grossly?

They connect where the antimesenteric artery is found

What are the two curvatures of the stomach?

Greater and lesser curvatures

Where is the greater curvature of the stomach?

Caudal border of the stomach

Where is the lesser curvature of the stomach?

cranial border of the stomach

What are the three major parts of the small intestine?

dudodenum, jejunum, ileum

What blood vessels supply the jejunum?

cranial mesenteric artery
jejunal arteries

What does the cranial mesenteric artery supply?

jejunum

Where is the cecum found?

where the colon and ileum join

What is the ilocolic orriface?

where the ileum and colon join

What is the cecocolic oriface?

where the cecum and ascending colon join

Where can you find the adrenal glands?

cranial aspect of the kidney

Why does the adrenal gland have a deep groove on the ventral surface?

That is where the caudal phrenic vein and cranial abdominal veins lay

What is the ventral kidney covered by?

peritoneum

What is the dorsal kidney covered by?

idk but not peritoneum

What is the hilus?

a medial indentation where renal nerves, renal vessels, and ureters live

Explain the relationship in location between the right and left kidneys.

The right kidney is more cranial than the left

Where specifically does the right kidney live?

Opposite the first three lumbar vertebrae

Where specifically does the left kidney live?

opposite the second, third, and fourth lumbar vertebrae

What is the renal sinus?

the fat filled center around the ureter expansion in the kidney

What is the renal pelvis?

the expanded part of the ureter directly poking into the kidney

What is the renal cortex?

the outer portion of the inside of the kidney

What is the renal medulla?

The inner portion of the inside of the kidney filled with collecting tubes

What is the renal crest?

the "dip" of the ureter that opens into the kidney

What is the function of the renal crest?

collecting tubules excrete urine into renal pelvis

What is mesentery?

attaches intestines to dorsal body wall

What is the root of the mesentery?

A bunch of connecting peritoneum that connects at the dorsal body wall

What side of the body is the spleen on?

left

What side of the body is the pancreas on?

right

What side of the body is the stomach on?

left

What side of the body is the gall bladder on?

right

What is the gubernaculum?

the fetal structure responsible for pulling the gonads down into the scrotum if Y chromosome signals are present

Where does the gubernaculum live?

within the vaginal tunic

Which ligament associated with the testis must be broken in a neuter?

Ligament of the tail of the epididymis which is the adult gubernaculum

What is the adult remnant of the gubernaculum in the male?

Ligament of the tail of the epididymis and proper ligament of the testis

What are the structures that make up the broad ligament?

mesometrium, mesosalpinx, and mesovarium