5 The Seven Years War and the Great Awakening

These flashcards cover the key concepts and events leading up to the American Revolution, focusing on the Seven Years War, economic theories, Native American relations, and emerging political philosophies.

What was the Seven Years War commonly known as in America?

The French and Indian War.

Who referred to the Seven Years War as the 'First World War'?

Winston Churchill.

What was the key economic theory of the British Empire in the 18th century?

Mercantilism.

How did mercantilism benefit the British economy?

By regulating the economy to increase national power through tariffs, monopolies, and a favorable balance of trade.

What were the most important colonial trade goods that relied on slave labor?

Tobacco and sugar.

What event sparked the beginning of the Seven Years War?

The Ohio Company receiving a land grant from the Governor of Virginia that was disputed by the French and Native Americans.

Who led the first British efforts to eject the French from their forts in Pennsylvania?

George Washington.

What was a significant British victory during the Seven Years War?

The capture of French Forts at the Plains of Abraham near Quebec.

What treaty ended the Seven Years War in 1763?

The Treaty of Paris.

What major territorial changes occurred due to the Treaty of Paris?

Britain gained Canada from France and Florida from Spain.

What was Pontiac’s Rebellion?

A revolt by Native American tribes against British rule after the Seven Years War.

What line did the British Parliament establish to control colonial expansion after the war?

The Proclamation Line of 1763, which forbade settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.

What political philosophies took root in the colonies around the end of the Seven Years War?

Republicanism and liberalism.

What was a core belief of republicanism as defined in the 18th century?

That only property-owning citizens possessed 'virtue' and the willingness to serve the public good.

Who was a significant figure during the Great Awakening in America?

George Whitefield.

How did the Great Awakening influence revolutionary ideas?

It led to a breakdown in respect for authority, fostering criticism of religious and governance structures.