COMS 108

Public Speaking

Mind reading, rehearsing, filtering, daydreaming, advising, judging, and condescending.

What are the 7 listening blocks?

Mind reading

thinking you already know what someone is thinking and saying without listening to them.

Filtering

selective listening/ hearing only what you want to hear.

Advising

giving unsolicited suggestions or solutions

Judging

analyzing, critiquing, and contesting what the speaker is saying

Condescending

trying to "one up" someone

Passive listening

the habitual and unconscious process of receiving messages (you are on autopilot)

Active listening

the deliberate and conscious process of attending to, understanding, remembering, evaluating, and responding.

Attending

intentionally perceiving and focusing on a message
get physical and ready to listen, resist mental distractions, hear the person out.

Understanding

accurately interpreting a message
identify the main point, ask questions, paraphrase, empathize

Remembering

being able to retain and recall information later
repeat the information, construct mnemonic devices, take notes

Evaluating

process of critically analyzing a message to determine its truthfulness, utility, and trustworthiness.
separate facts from inferences, probes for information.

Responding

providing feedback

Syntax

rules combining words to form sentences

Dialect

a unique form of a more general language spoken by a specific culture or co culture

Idiolect

personal symbol system that includes active vocabularies and unique pronunciations, grammar, and syntax.

Nonverbal communication

all the messages we send in ways that transcend spoken or written words

Nonverbal messages

cues we send with our body, voice, space, time, and appearance to communicate

Kinesics

what and how body motions communicate

Gestures

movements of our hands, arms, and fingers to communicate.

Emblems

gestures that substitute entirely for a word or words.

Illustrators

gestures that clarify the verbal message.

Adaptors

unconscious responses to physical or psychological needs.

Eye contact

how and how much we look at others when the communicate.

Posture

how we position and move our body.

Communication

a complex process through which we express, interpret, and coordinate messages with others.

Messages

the verbal utterances, visual images, and nonverbal behaviors used to convey thoughts and feelings.

Feedback

responses that indicate how a message was interpreted.

Canned plan

a "mental library" of scripts each of us draw from to create messages on what worked for others in the past.

Script

an actual text of what to say and do in a specific situation.

Intrapersonal communication

the interactions that occur in a person's mind when he or she is talking with him/herself subconsciously- usually not verbalized.

Interpersonal communication

informal interaction between two people who have identifiable relationships with each other.

Small group communication

three to 20 people who come together for the specific purpose of solving a problem or arriving at a decision.

Public communication

are participant, the speaker delivers a message to a group of more than 20 people.

Mass communication

delivered by individuals and entities through mass media to large segments of the population at the same time.

Language

a system of symbols used by people to communicate.

Lexicon

a collection of words and expressions.

Haptics

what and how touch communicates.

Paralanguage

the voiced part of a spoken message that goes beyond the actual words.

Pitch

highness or lowness of vocal tone

Volume

loudness or softness of vocal tone

Rate

the speed at which a person speaks

Quality

the sound of a person's voice that distinguishes it from others.

Intonation

the variety and inflection in one's voice.

Vocalized pauses

extraneous sounds or words that interrupt fluent speech.

Proxemics

how space and distance communicate.

Personal space

the distance we try to maintain when interacting with others.

Hearing

physiological process.

Listening

the cognitive process of receiving, attending to, constructing meaning from, and responding to messages.