Tooth Anomalies and Pathology

Flashcards covering key concepts about tooth anomalies and pathology related to oral anatomy.

Anodontia

The absence of all teeth.

Hyperdontia

Also known as supernumerary teeth; presence of more than the normal number of teeth.

Gemination

A dental anomaly where a single tooth germ attempts to divide, resulting in a tooth with one root and one pulp cavity but with a notched incisal edge.

Cleft lip

Anomaly resulting from the failure of the maxillary and medial nasal processes to fuse.

Cleft palate

Anomaly resulting from the failure of palatal shelves to fuse with the primary palate.

Enamel Dysplasia

A disturbance in enamel formation typically leading to reduced enamel quantity and changes in color.

Amelogenesis Imperfecta

A hereditary condition leading to thin or absent enamel, frequently affecting both primary and permanent dentitions.

Dental Fluorosis

A change in tooth enamel appearance due to excessive fluoride intake during tooth development.

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

A hereditary condition that results in abnormal dentin, leading to discolored teeth with an opalescent sheen.

Tetracycline staining

Permanent discoloration of teeth due to antibiotic incorporation during dentin calcification.

Macrodontia

An abnormal increase in tooth size, often caused by childhood hyperpituitarism.

Microdontia

A condition where teeth are smaller than normal, sometimes affecting certain types of teeth.

Concrescence

The union of the root structure of two or more teeth by cementum, often due to crowding or traumatic injury.

Attrition

Wearing down of tooth surfaces due to frictional contact.

Erosion

Chemical wearing away of enamel, often due to acidic substances.

Ankyloglossia

Also known as tongue-tie; a condition where a short lingual frenum restricts the movement of the tongue.

Odontoma

A benign tumor composed of dental tissue, which can be either complex (irregular mass) or compound (ordered pattern resembling teeth).