Oral Quick Relief Formulations

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to oral quick relief formulations, emphasizing their characteristics, advantages, and formulation considerations.

Oral quick relief formulations

Formulations designed for rapid onset of therapeutic action, often used for acute pain relief.

Rapid onset of action

The speed at which a drug begins to take effect, typically measured in minutes for oral quick relief formulations.

First-pass effect

The phenomenon where the concentration of a drug is significantly reduced before it reaches systemic circulation, often due to metabolism in the liver.

Orodispersible formulations

Formulations that dissolve in saliva and can be swallowed easily, facilitating rapid drug absorption.

Sublingual dosage forms

Dosage forms placed under the tongue for rapid absorption through the mucosal membranes.

Superdisintegrants

Materials used in tablet formulations to promote rapid disintegration in contact with moisture.

Effervescent disintegrant

A substance that produces gas in a liquid, helping a solid formulation quickly dissolve.

Taste masking

The process of concealing or minimizing unpleasant taste in oral formulations to enhance patient compliance.

Buccal formulations

Formulations designed to be placed in the buccal cavity (the space between the gums and the inner lining of the cheek) for absorption.

Mucus

A gelatinous layer that lines the oral cavity, important for drug absorption and protecting the mucosal surface.

What is the primary clinical need for oral quick relief formulations?

Rapid onset of action for acute pain (e.g. breakthrough pain in arthritis , cancer

Why do conventional oral dosage forms have a slower onset?

Long GI transit time first-pass metabolism and need for swallowing.

What are the main oral quick relief formulation options?

Sublingual/Buccal Orodispersible and Dispersible formulations.

List advantages of sublingual/buccal formulations.

Rapid onset no swallowing required, avoids first-pass metabolism, good bioavailability.

What are key disadvantages of sublingual/buccal formulations?

Unpleasant taste salivary washout interference with eating/drinking.

What is a dispersible formulation and its key advantage?

Drug dispersed in water before administration; mitigates swallowing issues.

How do orodispersible formulations work?

Disperse in the mouth and are swallowed; no need for water; rapid onset.

How is unpleasant taste managed in quick relief formulations?

Use of flavouring agents sweeteners and other taste-masking excipients.

Why is moisture-proof packaging important?

Many quick relief formulations are moisture sensitive.

What surface area is available for oromucosal drug absorption?

~100 cm² (about 60% available for absorption).

Why is fentanyl well suited for sublingual administration?

Lipophilic bypasses first-pass metabolism good mucosal absorption.

What is the sublingual bioavailability of fentanyl compared to oral?

Sublingual: 50–65%; Oral:

What excipients are in Abstral® sublingual tablets?

Mannitol silicified MCC croscarmellose sodium magnesium stearate.

How are Actiq® lozenges administered?

Sucked and moved around the mouth using an applicator.

What is the role of oral mucus in drug delivery?

Provides lubrication permeability barrier and supports mucoadhesion.

Name common effervescent disintegrants.

Carbonate salt bicarbonate salt citric acid.

What is the Tmax of co-codamol effervescent tablets vs. IR tablets?

20 min vs. ~50 min.

How quickly should orodispersible tablets disintegrate?

30 seconds – 3 minutes.

List common superdisintegrants used in oral quick relief formulations.

Crospovidone silicified MCC sodium croscarmellose sodium starch glycolate.

What is lyophilisation and why is it used?

Freeze-drying to create porous structures for rapid dissolution.

What is the primary clinical need for oral quick relief formulations?

Rapid onset of action for acute pain (e.g. breakthrough pain in arthritis

Why do conventional oral dosage forms have a slower onset?

Long GI transit time first-pass metabolism and need for swallowing.

What are the main oral quick relief formulation options?

Sublingual/Buccal Orodispersible and Dispersible formulations.

List advantages of sublingual/buccal formulations.

Rapid onset

What are key disadvantages of sublingual/buccal formulations?

Unpleasant taste salivary washout interference with eating/drinking.

What is a dispersible formulation and its key advantage?

Drug dispersed in water before administration; mitigates swallowing issues.

How do orodispersible formulations work?

Disperse in the mouth and are swallowed; no need for water; rapid onset.

How is unpleasant taste managed in quick relief formulations?

Use of flavouring agents sweeteners and other taste-masking excipients.

Why is moisture-proof packaging important?

Many quick relief formulations are moisture sensitive.

What surface area is available for oromucosal drug absorption?

~100 cm² (about 60% available for absorption).

Why is fentanyl well suited for sublingual administration?

Lipophilic bypasses first-pass metabolism good mucosal absorption.

What is the sublingual bioavailability of fentanyl compared to oral?

Sublingual: 50–65%; Oral:

What excipients are in Abstral® sublingual tablets?

Mannitol silicified MCC croscarmellose sodium magnesium stearate.

How are Actiq® lozenges administered?

Sucked and moved around the mouth using an applicator.

What is the role of oral mucus in drug delivery?

Provides lubrication permeability barrier and supports mucoadhesion.

Name common effervescent disintegrants.

Carbonate salt bicarbonate salt citric acid.

What is the Tmax of co-codamol effervescent tablets vs. IR tablets?

20 min vs. ~50 min.

How quickly should orodispersible tablets disintegrate?

30 seconds – 3 minutes.

List common superdisintegrants used in oral quick relief formulations.

Crospovidone silicified MCC sodium croscarmellose sodium starch glycolate.

What is lyophilisation and why is it used?

Freeze-drying to create porous structures for rapid dissolution.