MLT 251 - Anemias of Blood Destruction/Loss TERMs

Haptoglobin

A plasma protein that binds free hemoglobin released from erythrocytes during hemolysis, facilitating its removal from circulation.

Hemoglobinuria

the presence of hemoglobin in the urine due to kidney damage or hemolysis

Hemolytic anemia

A condition characterized by the rapid destruction of red blood cells, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, pallor, and jaundice.

Hemoglobinopathy

A group of inherited disorders affecting hemoglobin structure or production, often causing anemia and related health issues.

Thalassemia

A genetic blood disorder affecting hemoglobin production, leading to anemia and various health complications.

G6PD

Deficiency is a hereditary condition that affects the red blood cells' ability to handle oxidative stress, leading to hemolytic anemia.

Spectrin

A cytoskeletal protein that provides structural support to red blood cells, helping maintain their shape and flexibility.

Ankyrin

A protein that anchors the cytoskeletal protein spectrin to the plasma membrane of red blood cells, playing a crucial role in maintaining the cell's shape and integrity.

PK

A genetic disorder affecting red blood cell metabolism, leading to hemolysis.

Paroxysmal Hemoglobinuria

A rare form of hemolytic anemia characterized by the presence of hemoglobin in the urine after episodes of hemolysis, often triggered by cold exposure or infections.

PCH

A type of hemolytic anemia characterized by the presence of hemoglobin in the urine, typically following episodes of fever or exercise.

PNH

A rare blood disorder characterized by the destruction of red blood cells due to a defect in the erythrocyte membrane, leading to hemolysis and potential thrombosis.

DAT

A test used to detect antibodies attached to red blood cells, indicating autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

MAHA

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia is a condition characterized by hemolysis due to mechanical destruction of red blood cells in small blood vessels.

AHA

A term used to describe a type of hemolytic anemia caused by antibodies against red blood cells, leading to their destruction.

TTP

A thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by the formation of microthrombi in the small blood vessels, leading to hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and organ damage.

HUS

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, a condition marked by the destruction of red blood cells, acute kidney failure, and low platelet count, often following a gastrointestinal infection.

DIC

Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a serious condition characterized by widespread clotting in small blood vessels, leading to bleeding and organ dysfunction.

HDN

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn, a condition where fetal red blood cells are destroyed by maternal antibodies, leading to anemia and jaundice.

Microspherocytes

Small, spherical red blood cells often seen in conditions such as hereditary spherocytosis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

HTR

Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction is a severe reaction that occurs when a patient receives incompatible blood, leading to the destruction of red blood cells.