AP Gov Supreme Court Cases Quiz

Marbury v. Madison

established judicial review

McCulloch v. Maryland

established national supremacy, implied powers, use of elastic clause; states unable to tax a federal institution

Plessy v. Ferguson

established separate but equal

Schenck v. U.S.

established limits on free speech, especially during wartime; can't shout "fire" in crowded building

Gitlow v. New York

established precedent of federalizing Bill of Rights; states cannot deny freedom of speech-protected through due process in the 14th amendment

Palko v. Connecticut

Bill of Rights only federalized where it's necessary for liberty to exist

Brown v. Board of Education

school segregation is unconstitutional; overturned separate but equal

Mapp v. Ohio

established exclusionary rule; can't use illegally obtained evidence in court

Engel v. Vitale

prohibited state-sponsored recitation of prayer in public schools

Baker v. Carr

state legislative districts to be as near as equal as possible in population; "one man one vote"

Abbington v. Schempp

prohibited devotional Bible reading in public schools

Gideon v. Wainright

those who cannot afford lawyers are provided them by the state

Wesberry v. Sanders

ordered House districts to be as near equal to the population as possible

Griswald v. Connecticut

established right of privacy; precedent for Roe v. Wade

Miranda v. Arizona

"Miranda Rights"; must be given rights before questioning

Lemon v. Kurtzman

allowed states to provide textbooks and busing to students attending private religious schools

Roe v. Wade

established national abortion guidelines (trimesters); right to privacy from Griswald v. Connecticut

U.S. v. Nixon

allowed for executive privilege, but not in criminal cases; "Even the president is not above the law."

Buckley v .Valeo

legislatures can limit campaign contributions, but cannot regulate campaign spending

U.C. Regents v. Bakke

states may allow race to be taken into account as ONE factor in admissions decisions

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services

more leeway for states for regulating abortion, but no overturning of Roe v. Wade

Texas v. Johnson

struck down Texas law that banned flag burning, protected form of symbolic speech

Shaw v. Reno

no racial gerrymandering

U.S. v. Lopez

Gun Free School Zone Act exceeded Congress' authority to regulate interstate commerce

Clinton v. NY

banned presidential use of line-item veto

Bush v. Gore

stopped Florida recount in election of 2000

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris

public money can be used to send disadvantaged children to religious schools in tuition voucher programs

Ashcroft v. ACLU

struck down federal ban on virtual child pornography

Lawrence v. Texas

struck down Texas law banning sodomy, using right to privacy

Gratz v. Bollinger

struck down use of "bonus points" for race in undergrad admissions at University of Michigan

Grutter v. Bollinger

allowed use of race in undergrad admissions at University of Michigan

Kelo v. City of New London

government may use eminent domain only if property will be used to benefit the public

Gonzales v. Carhart

upheld partial birth abortion ban act of 2003

Gibbons v. Ogden

commerce clause and supremacy clause

Arizona v. Fulminante

no coerced confessions

California v. Acevedo

can search cars and containers with only probable cause

Illinois v. Escopedo

denied a lawyer and wasn't read his rights (see Miranda v. Arizona)