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Emotion
a response of the whole organism involving physiological arousal and expressive behaviors
a conscious experience
Physiological arousal
the physical response/ reaction
quickened heartbeat, sweaty palms, etc
Conscious experience of emotion
you know you’re feeling happy, fearful, sad, etc
Expressive behaviors
how you convey your emotions
ex. pacing, making facial expressions, etc.
Common sense perspective
theory of emotion that emotions CAUSE physiological arousal
I am sad, so I cry
critics of common sense perspective
very narrow because the body sometimes reacts quicker than conscious awareness of an emotion
James-Lange Theory
a theory of emotion that physiological arousal occurs BEFORE conscious emotion
my heart races, so I recognize fear
critics of james-lange
different kinds of emotions exhibit similar symptoms
a racing heart can be fear and joy
Cannon-Bard theory
a theory of emotion that physiological arousal and conscious emotion happen simultaneously
my heart races and I feel fear at the same time
critics of cannon-bard
it is not simultaneous all the time
ex. sometimes you’re sad, but don’t cry
Two factor/ schachter theory
a theory of emotion that emotions are context dependent and the brain appraises the physiological arousal AND the surroundings before experiencing the emotion
your heart rate increases, brain sees in a dark alley, experience fear
your heart rate increases, brain sees won a game, experience happiness
critics of two factor
what if the context is ambiguous/ not evident?
Darwin
evolutionary theory; how emotions are present because they helped us survive in the past (ex. fear made ppl avoid danger)
innate
facial expressions are _______
shared emotions
all cultures have _____ and all other more complex ones are from factors in our society
Appraisal Theory
your brain makes judgement and your emotions depend on subconscious thoughts
appraisal
judging
Lazarus
the person who researched how the prefrontal cortex makes appraisals
LeDoux
the person who theorized that some emotions require no cognition/ bypass contextual interpretation and are reflexes
high road
emotions go to sensory cortex for appraisal and then to amygdala for experience
Low road
emotions go straight to the amygdala; a neural shortcut that bypasses neural cortext - simply react