unit 7 rock cycle

MINERALS ARE ____, _____, ______ _______

NATURALLY OCCURING, INORGANIC, CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS

____ ARE THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF ALL ROCKS

MINERALS

MINERAL PROPERTIES ARE DETERMINED BY THE ______ AND ______ _______

INTERNAL ARRANGEMENT AND ARRANGED DIFFERENTLY

ROCK FORMING MINERALS ARE MADE OF _____ _______

SILICATE TETRAHEDRONS

1 SILICON AND 4 OXYGEN BONDED TOGETHER

PROPERTIES TO IDENTIFY MINERALS

LUSTER

BREAKAGE

HARDNESS

STREAK

COLOR

AND OTHER PROPERTIES (taste, smells, etc.)

LUSTER

METALLIC OR NON METALLIC, HOW WELL A MINERAL REFLECTS LIGHT

BREAKAGE

CLEAVAGE OR FRACTURE

CLEAVAGE

FLAT, CUBIC/SQUARISH, CLEAN, CALLED A CLEAVAGE PLANE

FRACTURE

ROUGH, UNEVEN SURFACE

HARDNESS

THE MINERALS ABILITY TO RESIST, BEING SCRATCHED

HARDNESS GOES BY

MOHS SCALE OF HARDNESS, 1 (TALC) TO 10 (DIAMOND) BEING THE HARDEST MINERAL

STREAK

MINERALS TRUE COLOR IN POWDERED FORM. STREAK CAN ALSO BE DIFFERENT FROM EXTERNAL COLOR OF MINERAL

COLOR

EXTERNAL COLOR OF MINERAL. HOW IT LOOKS

NOT A GREAT IDENTIFIER OF A MINERAL. SOME MINERALS CAN HAVE MANY DIFFERNET COLORS AND VARIATIONS.

SMELL

SULFUR HAS A DISTINCTIVE SMELL (ROTTEN EGGS)

TASTE

HALITE IS TABLE SALT, SO SALTY

REACTS WITH ACID

CALCITE AND DOLOMITES REACT WITH ACID (DOLOMITE ONLY IN POWDERED FORM THOUGH)

USES

DEPENDING ON WHERE THE MINERAL IS BEING USED, YOU CAN EASILY INDENTIFY IT

ex. GRAPHITE IS USED IN PENCILS, FLUORITE IS USED IN TOOTHPASTE

THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF ROCKS:

IGENOUS, SEDIMENTARY, METAMORPHIC

ALL 3 ROCKS TYPES…

TURN INTO EACH OTHER DEPENDING ON CERTAIN CONDITIONS (ROCK CYCLE)

IGNEOUS ROCKS CAN BE CLASSIFIED BY THEIR TEXTURE WHICH ARE..

EXTRUSIVE (above ground) AND INTRUSIVE (under ground)

INTRUSIVE=

COARSE CRYSTALS, MAGMA COOLED SLOWLY, “CRYSTALLINE”

EXTRUSIVE=

FINE TO NO CRYSTALS, LAVA COOLED QUICKLY

GLASSY TEXTURE=

VERY REFLECTIVE SURFACE, OBSEDIAN

VESICULAR=

AIR HOLES WITHIN ROCK FROM ESCAPING VOLCANIC GASSED AS IT RAPIDLY COOLED

FELSIC=

IGENOUS ROCKS, LIGHT COLORED, LESS DENSE, SILICONE AND ALUMINUM RICH

MAFIC=

IGENOUS ROCK, DARKER COLORED, MORE DENSE, IRON AND MAGNESIUM RICH

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS=

CLASTIC AND BIOCLASTIC ROCKS

CLASTIC ROCKS=

ROCK FRAGMENTS WERE BURIED AND COMPACTED, LITHIFIED TO CREATE ROCKS, based on GRAIN size

BIOCLASTIC ROCKS=

ROCKS FORMED THE PRECIPITATION AND EVAPORATION OF MINERALS IN WATER

CRYSTALLINE ROCKS=

ROCKS FROM THE PERCIPITATION AND EVAPORATION OF MINERALS IN WATER

FOSSILS CAN BE FOUND IN..

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS ONLY

METAMORPHIC ROCKS=

REGIONAL AND CONTACT

REGIONAL=

MOUNTAIN BUILDING AND LARGE AMOUNTS OF PRESSURE RECRYSTALLIZE THE ROCKS

CONTACT=

ROCKS NEAR MAGMA CHAMEE RECRYSTALLIZE FROM INTENSE HEAT (but DO NOT MELT)

IGNEOUS INTRUSIONS…

CONTACT METAMORPHISM HAPPENS IN SURROUNDING ROCKS

FOLIATION=

THE DEGREE OF RECRYSTALLIZATION (MINERALS REALIGNING THEMSELVES)

FOLIATED ROCKS=

FROM REGIONAL METAMORPHISM OF SHALE/SILTSTONE

NON-FOLIATED ROCKS=

FROM REGIONAL OR CONTACT METAMORPHISM