Pysch Paper 3

psychology

Research Method: Case Study

In-depth investigation of a single individual, group, or event.

• Often involves multiple data collection methods (interviews, observations, documents).

• Results in rich, detailed qualitative data specific to the case.

• holistic

• usually show subject in natural environments

Research Method: True Experiment

Controlled study with random assignment of participants to conditions.

• Typically conducted in laboratory settings with manipulated variables.

• Produces quantitative data suitable for statistical analysis.

Research Method: Focus Group

Guided discussion with a small group of participants.

• Usually involves 6-10 participants led by a moderator.

• Generates qualitative data from group interactions and discussions.

Research Method: Interview

One-on-one conversation to gather in-depth information.

• Can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured.

• Yields qualitative data, often in the form of narratives or quotes.

Research Method: Observation

Systematic watching and recording of behavior in natural settings.

• Can be participant or non-participant observation.

• Results in both quantitative (frequency counts) and qualitative (descriptive) data.

Research Method: Document Analysis

Examination of written materials or artifacts.

• Often involves coding and categorizing content.

• Produces both quantitative (content analysis) and qualitative (thematic analysis) data.

All types of research methods:

Case study, true experiment, focus group, interview, observation, document analysis.

Sampling Method: Random Sampling

Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

• Reduces bias and increases generalizability.

• Requires a complete list of the population.

Sampling Method: Stratified Sampling

• Description: Population is divided into subgroups (strata) and samples are taken from each.

• Characteristics:

  1. Ensures representation of all subgroups.

  2. Useful when the population has distinct categories.