Business Intelligence, Analytics, Data Science, and AI - Chapter 10

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

the subfield of computer science concerned with symbolic reasoning and problem solving

Internet of Things (IoT)

the technological phenomenon of connecting a variety of devices in the physical world to each other and to the computing systems via the Internet

Sensors

a variety of devices that detect and respond to some type of input from the physical environment

Machine Learning

a branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on the use of data and algorithms to imitate the way that humans learn, gradually improving its accuracy

Cloud Computing

information technology infrastructure (hardware, software, applications, and platform) that is available as a service, usually as virtualized resources

Business Intelligence (BI)

a conceptual framework for managerial decision support; it combines architecture, databases (or data warehouses), analytical tools, and applications

Virtualization

a process that allows for more efficient utilization of physical computer hardware and is the foundation of cloud computing

Mobile Extension Framework (MXFTM)

a new addition to the Mobile iOS SDK that allows apps to save events in app extensions

Analytics as a Service (AaaS)

analytics serviced provided by a third party, usually on a cloud platform

GO-JEK

a forecasting and pricing platform that employs Google cloud

Zion China

a startup company that provides life management solutions for diabetics

Stream Analytics

a term commonly used for extracting actionable information from continuously flowing/streaming data sources

Cloud Security Alliance

the world's leading organization dedicated to defining and raising awareness of best practices to help ensure a secure cloud computing environment

Geospatial Analytics

use of locational data (in addition to traditional types of data) while performing data analytics

Key Performance Indicators (KPI)

measure of performance against a strategic objective and goal

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

an information system capable of intergrading, editing, analyzing, sharing, and displaying geographically referenced information

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

a generic technology that refers to the use of radio-frequency waves to identify objects

ArcGIS

a cloud-based mapping and spatial analytics software platform offered by Esri

Alternative Data

new generation of big data extensions that imagery and satellite data

EarthCast

an application that provides correct weather updates for a large commercial U.S. airline based on variety of data it pulls from disparate sources

Canopeo

a free desktop or mobile app that estimates green canopy cover in near real time from images taken with a smartphone or digital camera

Deforestation

loss of forests due to overcutting of trees

Orbital Insight

an AI-powered Geospatial Analytics platform designed to simplify the use of location data

Ubiquitous Computing

the concept of using small internet connected and inexpensive computers to help with everyday functions in an automated fashion

Unique Identifier (UID)

an identifier that is guaranteed to be unique among all identifiers used for those objects and for a specific purpose

Smartbin

a new high technology that integrated waste containers with smart sensors, which allows you to track through the waste management processes

IBM Watson

a cognitive analytics based computer architecture popularized by competing and winning the TV gameshow, Jeopardy!

Smart Sensor

a smart sensor is a device that takes input from the physical environment and uses built-in intelligence to perform predefined functions

Driverless Cars

a car that can drive itself without a driver

Fifth Generation (5G)

the latest and fastest cellular dat transmission technology (mobile network)

Service-Based Architecture (SBA)

a modular computational framework that provides cloud-based services on a an as needed basis

Fourth Industrial Revolution

a fusion of technologies that is synergizing the physical, digital, and biological spheres

Edge Computing

an emerging computing paradigm where computations are performed at the devices near the used (as opposed to at he server)

Virtual Reality (VR)

the use of computer technology to create simulated environments

Robotic Process Automation (RPA)

a technology intended to reduce the workloads of the employee by automating the repetitive, high-volume steps in processes

Software robots

simple or complex computer programs designed to do specific actions, such as automating repetitive tasks or simulating human users

Coronavirus Pandemic

a worldwide pandemic caused by the corona virus in 2019

Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

the process of converting an image of text into a machine-readable text format

Genomics

the study of human genes (the genome)

Microbiome Quotient (MQ)

a complex group of microorganisms most of which are bacteria

Long-Short-Term Memory (LSTM)

a type of recurrent neural network capable of learning order dependence in sequence prediction

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)

a variation of the deep MLP architecture, initially designed for computer vision applications but are also applicable to nonimage data sets

Network Analytics

the analysis of network data to identify trends and patterns

Comorbidity Networks

a network diagrams that shows links/affinities between different diagnoses/comorbidities

Web 3.0

the next evolution (the third generations) of the World Wide Web where the used can own and control the use of his/her content on the internet

Metaverse

the emerging 3-D-enabled digital space that uses virtual reality, augmented reality, and other advanced internet technologies

Blockchain

a distributed database or ledger shared among a computer network's nodes

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT)

unique cryptographic tokens that exist on a blockchain and cannot be replicated

Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs)

a group of layers that work on Web 3.0 to permit the ability to vote on future protocols and proposals

Digital Twins

a virtual model designed to accurately reflect a physical object

Deep Learning

a type of machine learning based on artificial neural networks in which multiple layers of processing are used to extract progressively higher-level features from data