Drug Interactions and Safe Medication Administration in Nursing

What effect can food have on drug absorption?

Food may decrease or increase absorption; some drugs must be taken with or without food.

What is the grapefruit juice effect on medications?

Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of certain drugs, raising their blood levels and potentially causing toxicity.

Which enzyme does grapefruit juice inhibit to affect drug metabolism?

CYP3A4 metabolism.

What is an example of a drug that can have increased blood levels due to grapefruit juice?

Felodipine (Plendil), a calcium channel blocker for hypertension.

What should be considered regarding herbal supplements and medications?

Herbal supplements can interact with drugs, and some interactions are known while others are not.

What are the requirements for medication orders?

Must have an order from a physician or provider, clearly stating patient and drug name, date, dose, route, frequency, and signature.

What is the nurse's responsibility regarding medication orders?

The nurse must verify that the order is correct and question any incorrect medications or doses.

What are the seven rights of medication administration?

Right Medication, Right Dose, Right Patient, Right Route, Right Time, Right Documentation, Right Indication.

What baseline data should be assessed before medication administration?

Vital signs, lab tests, neurological status, and knowledge of the drug's therapeutic and adverse effects.

What are administration contraindications?

Pre-existing conditions that prohibit the use of a drug and precautions for patients with mild allergic reactions.

What steps should be taken for safe medication administration?

Read the physician's order, verify the patient using two identifiers, read the medication label carefully, calculate dosages, and listen to the patient.

What should be evaluated to promote therapeutic effects of medication?

Know why the medication is being given, watch for adverse drug reactions, and promote patient compliance.

What are some strategies to minimize adverse effects of medications?

Obtain a good medication history, perform medication reconciliation, identify high-risk clients, and know adverse side effects.

What key information should be included in patient education about medications?

Drug name and category, dose size and frequency, route of administration, expected therapeutic response, adverse effects, signs of toxicity, and interactions with other medications and foods.