Structure of long, short, flat, and irregular bones

Long bone structure

Shaft plus 2 expanded ends

Diaphysis

Shaft

What does the diaphysis consist of?

A thick collar of compact bone surrounding a central marrow cavity

What does the marrow cavity contain?

Fat- yellow bone marrow

Epiphyses

Expanded ends of the bones

Articulate cartilage

Covers the joint surface of each epiphyses

Articulate cartilage job

To cushion the bone ends and reduce friction during movement

Periosteum

Double layered membrane that covers the external surface of the entire bone except for the joint surfaces

Outer fibrous layer of long bone

Dense irregular connective tissue

Inner cellular layer of long bone

Osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblasts

What is in the periosteum

Supplied with nerve fibers, lymphatic vessels, and blood vessels

How do nerve fibers, lymphatic vessels, and blood vessels enter the shaft?

Through a nutrient foramen

How is periosteum connected to the bone matrix?

Strong strands of collagen

Endosteum Function

Covers the trabeculae of spongy bone in the marrow cavities and lines the canals that pass though compact bone

What does the endosteum consist of?

osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Structure of short, irregular, and flat bones

Thin plates of periosteum covered compact bone on the outside and endosteum covered spongy bone within

What do short, flat, irregular bones not have

No diaphysis or epiphyses because they are not cylindrical

Where is bone marrow in short, flat, and irregular bones?

Between the trabeculae, but there is no marrow cavity

Internal spongy bone layer in flat bones

Diploe