Psychology 101: Intro to Psychology Ch 14. Statistics & Research for Psychology

Which of the following is one of the challenges statistical researchers face when implementing a study?

1. Separating truth from lies from what their subjects say

2. Separating the behavior they're interested in from all the other behaviors that happen along the way

3. Figuring out how the behavior they're interested in fits in with all the other behaviors that happen along the way

4. Figuring out what are the reasons for all other behaviors

Separating the behavior they're interested in from all the other behaviors that happen along the way

What is the goal of a study?

1. To prove or disprove a hypothesis

2. To prove a hypothesis

3. To utilize the scientific method

4. To prove a fact

To prove or disprove a hypothesis

What is the control group intended to do in a study?

1. To disprove the hypothesis

2. To support the hypothesis

3. To experiment with different tests

4. To distinguish between different potential causes

To distinguish between different potential causes

What element in a study is crucial to getting results for different potential behaviors and causes?

1. Scientific control

2. Scientific method

3. Study design

4. Hypotheses

Scientific control

How do psychologists use the scientific method? Choose the best answer.

1. To study mental disorders like schizophrenia

2. To study intelligence

3. To pass their licensing examination

4. To study human thought and behavior

To study human thought and behavior

positive

a correlation between 0 and 1

The goal of a descriptive study is to:

1. gather data about a given subject

2. find a correlation between two or more variables

3. establish causation between two or more variables

4. perform research by experiments

gather data about a given subject

Researchers conduct a study to determine whether natural lighting causes increased test performance as opposed to fluorescent lighting. What type of research will they conduct?

1. Descriptive research

2. Case study

3. Experimental research

4. Correlational research

Experimental research

The 'stereotype threat' refers to the hypothesis that women and racial minorities will:

1. feel anxiety because of the stereotype that they will perform badly on tests, causing them to perform poorly

2. feel anxiety because of the stereotype that says they will perform well on tests, causing them to perform poorly

3. feel anxiety because of the stereotype that says they will perform badly on tests, but their performance will not be affected

4. feel anxiety because of the stereotype that says they perform well on tests, but still perform well despite the pressure

feel anxiety because of the stereotype that they will perform badly on tests, causing them to perform poorly

If a study about the relationship between intelligence and income produced a Pearson correlation coefficient of .90, it would suggest that:

1. as intelligence increases, income decreases

2. the correlation between intelligence and income is insignificant

3. intelligence and income are not linked

4. as intelligence increases, income increases

as intelligence increases, income increases

The story of Phineas Gage is a good example of a case study because:

1. researchers manipulated the independent variables to determine the cause of his injury

2. researchers determined that brain injuries do not cause emotional problems

3. researchers treated his case of brain injury by researching many similar studies

4. researchers studied him and used the information to make better hypotheses in the future

researchers studied him and used the information to make better hypotheses in the future

A study that seeks to determine if blondes have more fun by analyzing the percentage of blonde-haired people who own dogs violates which principle?

1. external validity

2. construct reliability

3. construct validity

4. internal reliability

construct validity

In a psychological study, validity refers to

1. the use of precise measurement to get the same result with repeated trials

2. the extent to which a test that measures what is intended

3. the number of confounds in your experiment to determine a causal relationship

4. how well you can count on your test subjects

the extent to which a test that measures what is intended

In a psychological study, reliability refers to

1. a test that measures what is intended

2. the size of your sample group

3. how well you can count on your test subjects

4. the use of precise measurement to get the same result with repeated trials

the use of precise measurement to get the same result with repeated trials

A study that seeks to determine the long-term health impact of playing professional football that only includes current players fails

1. construct validity

2. construct reliability

3. internal validity

4. external validity

external validity

A study that seeks to determine the effectiveness of a fast food commercial that tests some people before lunch and others after lunch violates which of these principles?

1. construct validity

2. internal reliability

3. construct reliability

4. internal validity

internal validity

descriptive

they describe and summarize a set of data

mean

add up a set of numbers and then divide by how many are in the set

median

the number that divides the set in half if you’ve ordered it from least to greatest

Inferential statistics are important to a study because they allow researchers to _____.

1. make sure the data supports their hypothesis

2. make sure the data rejects all previous hypotheses

3. draw conclusions from the descriptive statistics data

4. test whether there is a better hypothesis than the one they were using

5. test whether the data from an experiment supports or rejects their hypothesis

draw conclusions from the descriptive statistics data

For the results of a study to be thought to support a hypothesis, researchers must prove that the results have _____.

1. mean, median and mode

2. central tendency

3. both descriptive and inferential statistics

4. standard deviation

5. statistical significance

statistical significance

Which of the following is the mean of the set of data below?

3, 6, 2, 8, 6, 6, 2, 8, 4

1. 8

2. 6

3. 5

4. 4

5. 3

5

Which of the following is the median of the set of data below?

2, 5, 1, 7, 6, 5, 2, 8, 4

1. 8

2. 7

3. 5

4. 4

5. 6

5

Psychologists use statistical analysis to _____.

1. test whether there is a better hypothesis than the one they were using

2. make sure the data supports their hypothesis

3. draw conclusions from the hypothesis used

4. test whether the data from an experiment supports or rejects their hypothesis

5. make sure the data rejects all previous hypotheses

test whether the data from an experiment supports or rejects their hypothesis