Grade 8 Science Final Exam Study Guide

Flashcards for Grade 8 Science Final Exam Study Guide

What are the steps of the Scientific Method?

Identify the problem, Research, Construct a hypothesis, Test your hypothesis by doing an experiment, Analyze your data, Draw a conclusion

What is an Independent Variable?

One that is changed (manipulated) by the scientist.

What is a Dependent Variable?

One that changes in response to the change the scientist makes to the independent variable

What are Controlled variables?

Quantities that a scientist should keep the same (constant)

What are the tools of measurement in science?

Metric Ruler or meter stick, Triple beam balance, Thermometer, Graduated cylinder

What are the lab safety rules?

Wear appropriate protective equipment, do not wear loose fitting clothing, do not eat or drink in the lab, avoid all horseplay

How do you find the volume of a regular solid?

Length X Width X Height

How do you find the volume of an irregular solid?

Fill up graduated cylinder and record measurement, place object into cylinder and record new measurement, subtract the original water level from the new measurement

What is the formula for Density?

Mass/Volume

Give examples of Physical Properties

Color, smell, freezing point, boiling point, melting point, viscosity & density

Give examples of Chemical Properties

Ability to burn, tarnish, rust, decompose, digest

What does the Nervous system consist of?

Brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and nerves

What does the Skeletal system consist of?

Bones, joints, connective tissues

What does the Digestive system consist of?

Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, liver, gallbladder

What does the Circulatory system consist of?

Heart, blood vessels, blood

What does the Respiratory system consist of?

Lungs

What is Earth's Rotation?

Turns on its axis once every 24 hours

What is Earth's Revolution?

Elliptical orbit around sun, takes 365.25 days

What does Waxing mean in relation to the moon phases?

Period of building light

What does Waning mean in relation to the moon phases?

Period of losing light

What three things affect the rate of solution?

Stirring the solution, powdering the solution, heating the solution, use a catalyst

What is an Unsaturated solution?

More solute can still be dissolved at that temperature

What is a Saturated solution?

Dissolved maximum amount of solute at that temperature

What is a Supersaturated solution?

Under special conditions, more solute can be dissolved than saturated

What is a Solvent?

The substance that is doing the dissolving

What is a Solute?

The substance being dissolved

What is Solubility?

The ability to be dissolved, especially in water

What is Mechanical Energy?

Energy in an object due to its motion or position

What is Kinetic Energy?

Energy of motion

What is Potential Energy?

Energy stored in an object due to position

What is Wavelength?

Distance between two crests and troughs (compressions and rarefactions)

What is a Medium?

Any substance or region through which a wave is transmitted

What is Frequency?

The number of waves that pass a given point at a given time

What is Reflection?

The bouncing of a wave off a barrier that does not absorb it

What is Refraction?

Bending of a wave as it enters a different medium as a result of a change in speed

What is Interference?

Phenomenon that occurs when two waves meet while traveling along the same medium

How do magnets interact with each other?

Opposite poles attract

What is Force?

A push or a pull