Judicial Branch and Amendments Flashcard

role of judicial branch

interpret and define the law

where is judicial branch mentioned in the constitution

article III

federal courts

94

how many justices preside over each federal district cases

1

what cases can federal district courts hear

civil and criminal

how many federal court of appeals are there

13

how many justices preside over court of appeals cases

3

where would chattanooga appeals go to?

cincinnati, ohio

how many supreme court justices are there

9

current chief justice

john roberts

current associate justices:

thomas, alito, sotomayor, kagan, gorsuch, kavanaugh, barrett, jackson

who nominates the supreme court justice

president

senate

who confirms supreme court justice nominee

serve for life on good behavior

the justice will ___________

original jurisdiction

court is first one to hear case

appellate jurisdiction

court can only hear case on appeals

original

what type of jurisdiction do district courts have

appellate

what type of jurisdiction does the court of appeals have

both

does supreme ct have original or appellate jurisdiction

grand jury (16-23)

who decides if there is enough evidence to charge someone for federal crime

judicial review

power to declare acts of govt unconstitutional

writ of certiorari

when supreme ct accepts case, they file a

rule of 4

4 justices have to agree to hear case in order for it to go to supreme ct.

no evidence, and each attorney gets 30 min

what is special about supreme ct cases

majority opinion

opinion of five or more judges

dissenting opinion

opinion of those against decision

concurring opinion

opinion that agrees with decision but for another reason

John Jay

first chief justice of US

marbury vs madison

case that established judicial review

mcculloch vs. maryland

case that stated congressional implied powers supersede state law

dred scott vs. sandford

case that declared missouri compromise unconstitutional

plessy vs. ferguson

case that established separate but equal doctrine

brown vs. board of education

case that overturned separate but equal doctrine

gideon vs. wainwright

case that extended right to counsel for felony defendants in states

roe vs. wade

case that gives right to abortion under 14th amendment right to privacy

obergehell vs. hodges

case that states that states cannot ban same-sex marriage

2/3

majority in both house and senate when ratifying an amendment

3/4

majority in state legislatures when ratifying an amendment

speech, religion, press, peacefully assemble, petition govt

included in first amendment:

15th amendment

no denial of right to vote based on race

19th amendment

no denial of right to vote based on sex

24th amendment

no denial of right to vote based on non-payment of poll taxes

26th amendment

no denial of right to vote based on age 18 and older

immunity clause, due process clause, equality protection clause

three clauses of 14th amendment