History 8 - Final Exam 2023

Nativism

A movement that opposed immigration and wanted to limit the political power of immigrants

Second Great Awakening

A movement that revived religious belief during the 1800s

Temperance Movement

A movement aimed at stopping alcohol abuse and the problems created by it

Common School Movement

A movement to have all children, regardless of background, taught in a common place

Abolitionism

A movement to end slavery

Compromise of 1850

A law that admitted California as a free state and established the Fugitive Slave Act

Fugitive Slave Act

A law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves and allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in any state

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A law that allowed voters to choose whether or not to allow slavery

Republican Party

Antislavery political party that formed in the 1850s

Southern Secession

A movement of states leaving the union, leading to the Civil War

General McClellan

A general for the Union at the start of the war

General Lee

A general for the Confederacy

General Grant

A general for the Union that took over in 1864

General Sherman

A general for the Union who used "total war" during his "March to the Sea"

Fort Sumter

First battle of the Civil War

First Battle of Bull Run

An early Confederate victory that demonstrated the war would take longer than previously thought

Battle of Hampton Roads

The first naval battle of the Civil War where ironclad warships were used

Battle of Antietam

The bloodiest single day in American history; it was followed by the Emancipation Proclamation

Battle of Vicksburg

The battle that gave the Union control of the Mississippi River

Battle of Gettysburg

A Union victory that was the turning point of the war (Lee never attacked in the North again)

Sherman's March to the Sea

A series of battles through the South that used "total war" to force the South into surrender

Appomattox

The site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant

Reconstruction

The rebuilding of the South after the Civil War