Final Exam

What muscle does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

Gluteus Maximus

Which gluteus muscle primary action is abduction?

Minimum

Which glute muscle aids with abduction?

Medius

Which glute muscle extends and laterally flexes the head of the femur?

Maximus

All are deep muscle of the hip that attaches to the greater trochanter expect:

Psoas Major

What two muscles does the sciatic nerve travel between?

Piriformis and Gemellus Superior

Which sensory nerve of the hip is towards the rectum and base of the penis?

Pudendal nerve

Do the superior and inferior gluteal nerves motor or sensory?

Motor

T/F

The long and short biceps femoris muscles are fused together and insert on the fibula.

True

Which nerve supplies the skin on the hamstring region of the thigh?

Posterior femoral cutaneous

T/F

The profunda femoral has 3 perforating branches: 2 to the adductor magnus and 1 to the posterior compartment of the thigh.

False

What is another name for the tibia collateral ligament?

MCL

According to the PowerPoint how many arteries do we get for the popliteal artery?

5 genicular branches

What’s the difference between the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament?

Quads above the knee, Patellar below the knee

When the Popliteus medially rotates the tibia, this allows for what movement of the leg?

Flexion

What raises the suprapatellar bursa to prevent impingement between the patella and the femur?

Articularis Genu

What nerve of the knee gives twigs from the nerves to the three Vasti?

Femoral

The Tibial nerve innervates everything in the knee except:

Recurrent genicular nerve

The common peroneal nerve innervates everything in the knee except

Middle genicular nerve

What nerve of the knee gives the genicular branch from its posterior division?

Obturator

What nerve supplies the anterior medial leg?

Saphenous

What nerve supplies the lateral knee, the superior lateral leg?

Common fibular

What nerve supplies the posterior superior leg?

Medial Sural

What nerve supplies the posterior superior lateral leg?

Lateral Sural

Where does the great saphenous veins empty its blood?

Femoral Vein

Which vein flows into the popliteal vein?

Small Saphenous veins

What are the compartments of the leg?

everything listed

T/F

The leg compartments are separated by the intermuscular septum composed of curial facia and the interosseous membrane.

True

What splits the anterior and lateral muscles in the leg?

Anterior intermuscular septum

What splits the anterior and deep posterior muscles of the leg?

Interosseous membrane

What split the superficial and deep posterior muscle of the leg?

Transverse Intermuscular septum

What splits the lateral and superficial posterior muscle of the leg?

Posterior intermuscular septum

Which muscle on the anterior compartment of the leg extends all the way down towards the big toe?

Extensor hallucis longus

T/F

In the anterior compartment of the leg, the deep fibular is the nerve supply, and the anterior tibial is the artery supply.

True

In the anterior compartment of the leg, which muscle helps support the arch of the foot?

Tibialis anterior

What muscle tendons travel through the flexor retinaculum?

Tom Dick and Harry

What is the action that comes from the anterior tibialis?

Eversion and Dorsiflexion

The anterior tibial terminal branch is known as the

dorsalis pedis artery

The Fibularis longus and brevis have the same blood supply from the fibular artery. What nerve supplies these muscles?

Superficial fibular nerve

Which muscle of the posterior compartment is superficial?

Plantaris

Which muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg is considered deep?

Tibialis posterior

T/F

The Gastrocnemius is known for knee flexion and plantar flexion.

True

What nerve and artery supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

Tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery

In the tarsal tunnel, what muscle surrounds the tibial artery and tibial nerve?

flexor digitorum/hallucis longus tendon

What is the action of the sartorius muscle?

Everything listed

T/F

The psoas major only has origins on the lumbar spine.

False

Where is the insertions for the iliopsoas muscle?

lesser trochanter of the femur

In the femoral triangle, what is the medial border of the Sartorius?

Lateral

In the femoral triangle, what is the medial border of adductor longus?

Medial

What is the base of the femoral triangle?

Inguinal ligament

T/F

In the femoral triangle, the adductor longus and pectineus is considered the medial floor, while the psoas major and iliacus are the lateral floor.

True

In the mnemonic of the femoral triangle, what does NAVL tell us?

lateral to medial

What vein does the popliteal vein drain into?

Adductor hiatus

T/F

The anterior thigh blood supply comes from the external iliac artery, which becomes the femoral artery.

True

Which branch of the femoral artery supplies the anterior compartment and has an ascending, descending, and transverse branch?

Lateral circumflex femoral artery

Which branch of the femoral artery supplies the posterior compartment?

Medial circumflex femoral

Which branch of the femoral artery supplies the deep hamstring muscle?

profunda femoral

Where do the femoral nerve arteries and veins travel through?

adductor canal

Which of the following muscles of the medial thigh has an origin at the adductor hiatus?

Adductor magnus

T/F

None of the adductor laterally rotate the thigh.

False

On what aspect of the femur would you find the linea aspera?

Posterior

The obturator nerve split into two branches at the adductor brevis. Which is considered sensory?

Anterior branch

Where does the obturator artery branch off of?

internal iliac artery

The quadratus femoris muscle inserts onto which of the following structures?

Intertrochanteric crest

The sciatic nerve exits the pelvis through which anatomical landmark?

Greater sciatic foramen

Which of the following structures serves as the primary insertion site for the gluteus maximus?

Iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity

Which artery provides the primary blood supply to the gluteus minimus muscle?

Superior gluteal artery

Which muscle plays a key role in preventing the pelvis from dropping during the stance phase of gait?

Gluteus medius

The inferior gluteal artery passes through which foramen?

Greater sciatic foramen

The inferior gluteal nerve arises from which spinal nerve roots?

L5-S2

The superior gemellus muscle shares which of the following insertion points?

Medial surface of the greater trochanter

What is the primary function of the superior gemellus muscle?

Hip lateral rotation and stabilization

Which gluteal muscle has a dual action of lateral rotation when the hip is extended and abduction when the hip is flexed?

Piriformis

Injury to the common fibular nerve results in which clinical sign?

Foot drop

A deep thigh laceration results in pulsatile bleeding and an expanding hematoma. Which artery is most likely injured?

Deep femoral artery

A newborn has difficulty abducting the hip and extending the knee due to a congenital defect. Which embryological process is most likely affected?

Lateral limb rotation

Which muscle flexes the hip and extends the knee?

Rectus femoris

The obturator nerve primarily innervates which group of muscles?

Medial thigh muscles

Which artery is the primary blood supply to the thigh?

Deep femoral artery

The adductor canal transmits which of the following structures?

Femoral artery and vein

A 35-year-old presents with weak hip adduction and sensory loss over the medial thigh. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Obturator nerve

The profunda femoris artery supplies which compartment of the thigh?

Medial