Impact of a lack of unity on the advancement of rights

Why was there little unity between tribes in the 19th century?

Tribes were willing to provide US forces with guides who knew the land and aid the gvmt in pursuit of other tribes. This rivalry continued on the reservations and added to their difficulty in stopping the theft of their lands

What was the first major attempt to resist assimilation in the 19th century?

There was some resistance to the amendment to the Dawes Act from the Five Civilised Tribes

What resistance occurred in the early decades of the 20th century?

Lone Wolf vs Hitchcock case. Attempts at resistance did occur, but concerted action was rare.

Why did the Society of American Indians fail to make an impact?

Founded in 1911, established the first NA pressure group.  A lack of funds and mass support limited its impact, partly because NAs were across the whole country. Not united in its aims

What advancement was made in 1928?

Meriam Report (1928) – Condemned the allotment policy and outlined the terrible conditions in which NAs lived. Concluded the gvmt should be concerned with the social and economic advancements of the Indians

Who drove the Meriam Report?

It is being driven by white Americans

What advancement was made in 1929?

Rhoads Reforms (1929) – The Meriam report encouraged change, leading to these reforms of 1929. These reforms closed off reservation boarding scls, to which NA children had been sent.

What did the Rhoads Reforms do for scls?

Scls replaced by better scls on reservations. Improvements to medical facilities

What did NAs do to improve their rights?

NAs fought and experienced both discrimination and racism,which encouraged them to join campaigns and pressure groups to end such treatment and improve their rights