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mapping
the process of dividing the abdomen into quadrants or 9 regions for the purpose of exam reference points
organs of the right upper quadrant
Liver and gallbladder
organs of the left upper quadrant
stomach and spleen
organ in the lower right quadrant
appendix
lower left quadrant pain
is commonly associated with diverticular diseases
dullness sounds are heard
on percussion of the liver
the starting point of auscultation of the abdomen
lower right quadrant
where sounds are usually present
starting point of the large intestine
best position when assessing the abdomen for bladder distention
supine with a small pillow under the head
technique used to assess for bladder distention
indirect percussion
abdominal contour seen in a slightly skinny person
flat
abdominal contour seen on a very skinny person
scaphoid
abdominal contour of a fat person
rounded to protuberant
abdominal contour of an infant
rounded to protuberant
abdominal contour of a person with ascites
protuberant
abdominal contour of a pregnant person in the 3rd trimester
protuberant
nurse should suspect _____ in a client with a hematoma or bluish discoloration in the CVA due to multiple injuries
kidney injury
technique used to assess CVA tenderness
blunt percussion
pain or discomfort during blunt percussion indicates
kidney diseases
kidney are rarely palpable except in the presence of
cancer
neoplasm
polycystic disease
Mcburney’s point
pain at this point indicates acute appendicitis
location of mcburney’s point
draw an imaginary line from umbilicus down and then divide the right side into 3rds
-middle 3rd is the mcburney’s point
positive Blumberg’s sign
is a medical emergency
stabbing pain when abdomen is compressed and returns to Non compressed stage
due to peritonea irritation
positive Murphey’s sign
sharp pain at the upper right quadrant when palpating the lower border of the liver
sign of cholecystitis
positive Rovsing’s sign
pain at the right lower quadrant when palpating the left lower quadrant
indication of acute appedicitis
positive psoas sign
pain at the right lower quadrant
patient is placed in supine position with small pillow under the head while legs are up with resistance
positive for appendicitis
positive cullen’s sign
ecchymosis, bruising, or bluish discoloration of the skin at the periumbilical area
indicates abdominal bleeding or ruptured ectopic emergency
labs to order when client has acute kidney injury
BUN
when an elderly client complains of onset of urinary incontinence
the nurse should suspect the client has cystitis
wilms tumor
malignancy of the kidneys in infants
stop palpation when mass is palpated in the abdomen
palpation of the abdomen will disseminate seed into the abdomen
cigar shaped mass palpated at the left lower quadrant
is a sign of constipation
umbilical hernia in children
common up to age 5
if not resolved by age 5, then surgery is indicated
normal bowel signs per min
5-30x/min
irregular high pitched gurgling
borborygmi
normal when you haven’t eaten in 5-7 hrs
abnormal when accompanied with s/s of abdominal bleeding or inflammatory bowel disease
strong abdominal pulsation
must be reported ASAP
could be from triple A (abdominal aortic anuerysm)
kidneys are located
at the CVA
best position to assess for distended bladder
supine with a small pillow behind the head
assessment technique for distended bladder
indirect percussion
risk factors for PUD
smoking
NSAIDs
stress
positive for h. pylori
alcohol
assessment for appendicitis
psoas signs
rovsing signs
causes of urinary stones
bladder inflammation
UTI
radiation therapy
inability to empty bladder completely
when urine is completely saturated with salt, calcium, urea, and uric acid