“Between my finger and my thumb/The squat pen rests; snug as a gun”
Simile, correlates with the ending
“Between my finger and my thumb/The squat pen rests. I’ll dig with it”
Metaphor. Heaney's 'spade' is the pen he writes with. He contributes with his literature, not physically providing for his family, like the rest of the men in his family.
“My grandfather cut more turf in a day/Than any other man on Toner’s bog”
Enjambment
“The cold smell of potato mould, the squelch and slap of soggy peat”
Sensory imagery (smell), Onomatopoeia
“By God, the old man could handle a spade. Just like his old man”
Repetition