6.01 - Small intestine anat and Phys

what are the 3 regions of the small intestine

where is the duodenum in relation to the peritoneum?

what are the two distinguishing factors of the jejunal and ileal anatomy?

describe the arterial supply to the small intestine

describe the venous drainage to the small intestine

describe the small intestine mucosa

describe the small intestine submucosa

describe the small intestine muscularis externa

does the small intestine have serosa or adventitia?

mostly serosa

describe the plica circulares

describe the vili

describe the microvili

what is a lacteal? what are the cells in it?

what is the role of enterocytes?

what is the role of goblet cells?

what is the role of paneth cells?

list the cells that secrete hormones and the hormones each secretes

describe G cells

• location

• hormone stimulus

• main hormone functions

describe I cells

• location

• hormone stimulus

• main hormone functions

describe L cells

• location

• hormone stimulus

• main hormone functions

describe Mo cells

• location

• hormone stimulus

• main hormone functions

describe S cells

• location

• hormone stimulus

• main hormone functions

describe the mixing/segmentation contractions of the small intestine

describe the peristalsis of the small intestine

what systems control peristalsis?

what are the requirments of control gastric emptying?

how is the nervous system involved in gastric emptying?

what are the duodenal hormones involved in gastric emptying

what are the distal small intestine hormones involved in gastric emptying

what is the role of the ileocecal valve?

describe the intestinal digestive juices secreted by enterocytes

where are Brunner’s glands and what do they do?

describe the bile and pancreatic duct apparatus/how they are arranged

what happens when the Oddi is closed?

how is the pancreas and liver involved in digestion?

name the protein digestive enzymes of the pancreas

• enzyme name

• inactive form

• activator

name the carbohydrate digestive enzymes of the pancreas

• enzyme name

• inactive form

• activator

name the lipid digestive enzymes of the pancreas

• enzyme name

• inactive form

• activator

what chemicla reaction is used in digestion by all the enzymes?

what is ptyalin and what is its role?

what is teh role of pancreatic amylase?

name the enzymes for carb digestion on the brush border microvili

how do carbs get absorbed?

how do proetisn get digested in the mouth?

how do proteins get digested in the stomach?

how do proteins get digested in the small intestine?

how does trypsinogen, enterkinase and pancreatic hormones work in the duodenum to digest proteins

how does the brush border digest proteins?

how are amino acids and peptides absorbed?

what is the problem with fat digestion? what is the solution?

how do fats get emulsified?

how do fats get broken down?

how are chlyomicrons made?

explain how fats go from food to chylomicrons

describe the absorption that takes place at the villus

what are teh consequences of malabsorption?

what are the causes of malabsorption?

describe the pathophysiology and malabsorption cause of:

• celiac disease

• chronic pancreatitis

• disaccharidase deficiencies

• gastroeneritis