EHC Final Review-Tests & Procedures

Urine Testing Steps

1) Assemble supplies (reagent strips, urine sample, paper towel, timer, waste bag, PPE (gloves, mask, goggles))

2) Wash hands

3) Donn PPE

4) Rotate container between hands to mix urine specimen

5) Hold reagent strip by clear end; immerse strip in urine specimen

6) Remove strip immediately

7) Tap edge of strip lightly on paper towel removing excess urine

8) Wait 1 min

9) Compare reagent areas to corresponding color blocks on label

10) Document results on pt’s record

11) Discard strip & paper towel in waste bag

12) Pour urine in toilet or down sink

13) Clean counter with disinfectant wipe

14) Doff PPE

15) Wash hands

Urine Characteristics Physical Testing

Color: hydration, infection, or disease

Specific Gravity: urine concentration

Odor: infection, diet, or metabolic disorders

Consistency: clear, cloudiness, may indicate infection

Amount: normal output varies; changes may suggest health issues

Urine Testing Chemical Characteristics

pH: measures acidity & alkalinity

Protein: can indicate kidney disease

Glucose: may signal diabetes

Ketones: Found in diabetes, fasting, starvation

Bilirubin & Urobilinogen: linked to liver function

Blood: can indicate infection, kidney stones, injury

Rapid Strep A Testing Steps

1) Assemble equipment & supplies (test tube, sterile swab, tongue depressor, test dipstick, reagent 1, reagent 2, gloves)

2) Add 4 drops of reagent 1 to test tube followed by 4 drops of reagent 2; gently tap bottom of test tube to mix reagents

3) Clean hands, dons gloves

4) Open sterile swab package not contaminating swab tip

5) Ask pt to sit upright, tilt head back, open mouth wide, say “ah”

6) Quickly rotate swab gently but firm around tonsils focusing on red or infected areas

7) Immediately place swab into test tube containing reagents

8) Rotate swab 10 times in tube

9) After 1 min press swab against side of tube; squeeze bottom of tube while removing swab

10) Discard swab in trash

11) Place dipstick w/ arrow pointing down into tube solution

12) After 5 min accurately read results of dipstick; positive-2 distinct red lines; negative-1 red line appears

13) Remove gloves w/out contaminating self & discard them in trash

14) Wash hands

15) Document procedure, pt response, & test results