Humanities Q1

Paleolithic

Paleolithic

The "Old Rock" period characterized by no written language and the existence of early hominids.

Hominids

Early human ancestors, including Australopithecus, Homo Erectus, Homo Habilis, and Homo Sapiens Sapiens.

Egalitarian Hunter-Gatherers

Societies during the Paleolithic that were equal in social structure and relied on hunting and gathering for sustenance.

Agricultural Revolution

The transition to farming around 8000 BCE in the Fertile Crescent, leading to food surpluses and job specialization.

Surplus of Food

Result of the Agricultural Revolution that allowed for population growth and the development of complex societies.

Mesopotamia

The region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers known for early agriculture and city-states like Babylon and Ur.

Egyptian Pharaoh

The king of Egypt, considered a god-king, with significant religious and political power.

Mandate of Heaven

A Chinese ideology that justified the emperor's rule as divinely sanctioned, originating during the Zhou dynasty.

Dynastic Cycle

The pattern of rise, prosperity, decline, and collapse of Chinese dynasties.

Zoroastrianism

The first major monotheistic religion founded by Zoroaster, emphasizing the struggle between good and evil.

Code of Hammurabi

A Babylonian set of laws emphasizing justice and retribution, famously stating "an eye for an eye."

Hero’s Journey

A narrative structure identified by Joseph Campbell that outlines the stages of a hero's adventure.

Epic of Gilgamesh

One of the earliest written stories featuring the adventures of Gilgamesh, a king of Uruk.

The Odyssey

The epic tale of Odysseus's journey home after the Trojan War, filled with trials and adventures.

Allegory of the Cave

A philosophical story by Plato illustrating the difference between the perceived reality and the true reality.