Middle Ages Reading Terms

Albigenses

People opposed to the existing forms of church and state

Dante Alighieri

Italien poet who was friendly to education

Aragon

Christian state in spain

what brought order and safety to spain in 1469

The marriage between ferdinand of aragon and isabella of castile

Who overthrew granada in 1492

Aragon and Castile

What was the inquisition

Anyone whose belief did not strictly conform to the teachings of the church was subject to being condemned by the court

Arthur and the knights of the round table

English romance unsure if true or not about king of Britain in the year 500

Avignon

City in france where popes fled to while rival nobles fought for supremecy

Babylonian captivity

absence of popes in rome

Apprentice

Young man learning to train to be a master workman

Battle of agincourt

Great English victory of the french in 1415

Battle of crecy

Edward (son of king of england) displayed courage and became known as the black prince

Black prince

Edward song of king of england

Battle of poitiers

Black prince captured king of france

The black death

A plague that swept over the continents and led to free laborers demanding higher wages and an uprising

Calais

The english fled to calais after being driven out of france by the end of the hundred years war

Canterbury tales

Poem by chaucer about all walks of english life journeying together and sharing tales

Goeffrey chaucer

Father of english poetry

Castile

One of the great spanish states later unioned with aragon

Charlemagne

King of franks associated with founding france through his grandsons

Charles the bald

Grandson of charlemagne who became king of france

Charles VII

King of france who helped joan of arc

City state

Lack of government in italy led to creation of independent city states

Dauphin

Heir of french crown name

The divine comedy

great italien poem by dante alighieri

El cid

First great spanish epic telling the story of a cruel conquerer who was made to seem a hero

The seven electors of the holy roman empire (germany)

Power given to 4 german state rulers and 3 high prelates of the church to elect emperors

Hapsburg

Noble family in swtizerland who controlled german reign for over 300 years

Epic

A tale or story about someone

feudal system

Political structure characterized by a hierarchical system of land ownership and obligations. Involved relationships where a fief was granted in exchange for service

Moors

Islam practicing people in spain

Granada

Kingdom in spain led by moors later overthrown by aragon and castile

Guilds

Association between craftsmen to regulate trade in their interest

Hanseatic league

Famous League of cities in germany existed for over 200 years to protect commerce

Holy roman empire

Central europe

Hugh capet

Great duke of france from capetian dynasty

Hundren years war

Longest war of the middle ages between france and england

Ivan the great

reestablished russia on a firm and enduring basis

Joan of arc

French girl determined to fight in hundred years war. Great victory at battle of orleans

how did joan of arc die

She was burned at the stake after being captured by the english

What did joan of arc represent

The french saw her as a saint and it brought much patriotism to help the french win the war

Latin school

Larger schools for only boys

Margaret of denmark

First to wear the crown that united sweden, norway, and denmark

Medici family

Famous ruling family in florence

Peter abelard

Most famous teacher in europe who was persecuted for hersey (love affair)

Phillip IV

One of the ablest french kings known for reforms and efficient government

Reims cathedral

Where king charles was crowned like many other french kings

Romance languages

Language derived from latin and changed overtime

Teutonic languages

Languages derived from speech in northern europe

Saint louis

Admirable french king who reformed courts and abolished trials by private duels. Died of pestilence in north Africa during the last crusade

Siegfried

German epic that told the story of a prince from the north journeying together win the hand of the sister of a king

Slavic languages

Russian, polish, czech, serb, bulgarian, etc. like so

Examples of romance languages

French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian

Examples of teutonic languages

German, dutch, flemish, danish, swedish, english

Slavs

Serbs, croats, slovenes known as yugo-slavs

Song of roland

French epic about roland who losst his life in spain while fighting his master charlemagnes battles

Stephen dushan

established a serbian empire that crumbled under the asiatic turks

Troubadours

Sang songs from court to court with lutes

Union of kalmar

Sweden, norway and denmark united under one crown

University of bologna

First university established in 1088

University of oxford

Alfred the great founded maybe

University of paris

Charlemagne founded maybe

Arnold von winkelried

Sacrificed himself to save the swiss army in the battle of sempach

Waldensians

Followers of peter waldo of lyons who urged simple form of worship

William the conquerer

First norman king of england