Civil War

Which event doubled the size of the United States in 1803?

Louisiana Purchase

The cotton gin, invented by Eli Whitney, primarily impacted what?

It significantly increased the efficiency of cotton processing, leading to a boom in the cotton industry and a greater demand for slave labor.

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 aimed to resolve tensions over what?

It aimed to settle the conflict over the extension of slavery into new territories as the nation expanded westward.

What was the main purpose of the Fugitive Slave Act?

To make it easier for slave owners to recapture escaped slaves and to penalize individuals who assisted runaway slaves.

The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 allowed for the issue of slavery to be decided by?

Popular sovereignty, allowing the settlers of the territories to decide whether to allow slavery.

The Dred Scott Supreme Court decision stated what?

It stated that African Americans were not citizens and therefore had no right to sue in federal court, and it ruled that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories.

What was the significance of the Election of 1860?

It led to the election of Abraham Lincoln, which prompted southern states to secede from the Union.

Which battle is considered the turning point of the Civil War?

The Battle of Gettysburg.

Where was the Confederacy surrender to the Union, effectively ending the Civil War?

At Appomattox Courthouse.

What did the First Battle of Bull Run demonstrate?

It showed that the Civil War would be longer and more brutal than initially anticipated.

Abraham Lincoln's assassination occurred shortly after what event?

Shortly after the end of the Civil War.

The Battle of Shiloh was important because?

It marked a significant victory for the Union and highlighted the bloody nature of the conflict.

Lincoln's election as President in 1860 led directly to

The secession of several southern states from the Union.

Sherman's March to the Sea was intended to

To destroy the Confederacy's resources and morale.

The Civil War officially began with the Confederate attack on?

Fort Sumter

The Siege of Vicksburg was a key victory for the Union because it

Gave the Union control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two.

The Battle of Spotsylvania was significant because?

It showcased the brutal and relentless nature of the Overland Campaign, with heavy casualties on both sides.

In his "House Divided" speech, Lincoln argued that?

A nation divided between free and slave states could not endure.

Lincoln's First Inaugural Address primarily focused on?

The preservation of the Union and avoiding conflict.

The Gettysburg Address is famous for its

Call for national unity and the principle of equality, redefining the purpose of the war.

The Emancipation Proclamation declared enslaved people free in

The Confederate states that were in rebellion against the Union.

Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address focused on

Healing and reconciliation for the nation, and the importance of ending slavery.

The 13th Amendment to the Constitution

Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States.

Which event led directly to the secession of South Carolina?

The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860.

What was a major consequence of the Fugitive Slave Act?

Increased tensions between the North and South, as it compelled citizens in free states to assist in the capture of escaped slaves.

Name three causes of the Civil War:

Slavery, states' rights, and economic differences between the North and South.

In Lincoln's First Inaugural Address, what was the main goal of the Confederacy during the Civil War?

To preserve their way of life, including the institution of slavery.

In Lincoln's First Inaugural Address, what was the primary goal of the Union at the beginning of the Civil War?

To preserve the Union.

What does the term "popular sovereignty" mean?

The right of the people in a territory to decide whether to allow slavery or not.

What battle took place in Pennsylvania?

The Battle of Gettysburg.

Which speech directly addressed the purpose of the Civil War and dedicated a battlefield as a national cemetery?

The Gettysburg Address.

Which amendment officially ended slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment.

What was the significance of Appomattox Courthouse?

It was where General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the Civil War.

Which event is generally considered the start of the Civil War?

The attack on Fort Sumter.

*What was the main effect of the cotton gin on slavery?

It increased the demand for slave labor, as plantation owners sought to produce more cotton more efficiently.

Sectionalism

Loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a whole

Dred Scott Case

A Supreme Court case that ruled that African Americans could not be citizens and that Congress could not regulate slavery in the territories.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty.

Popular sovereignty

The principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people.

Missouri Compromise

An agreement that allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state to maintain the balance between slave and free states.

Bleeding Kansas

A series of violent civil confrontations in the Kansas Territory between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions.

Abolitionist

A person who advocated for the end of slavery.

Cotton gin

A machine that quickly and efficiently removes seeds from cotton fibers.

Secede

To withdraw formally from a federation or body, especially from a political union.

Antebellum

The period before a war, specifically the time in the Southern United States before the Civil War.

Fort Sumter

The site of the first shots fired in the Civil War when Confederate forces attacked the Union fort in April 1861.

Election of 1860

Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union.

Fugitive Slave Act

A law requiring that escaped slaves be returned to their owners, increasing tensions between North and South.

Three-fifths Compromise

An agreement during the Constitutional Convention that counted three-fifths of a state's enslaved population for representation and taxation purposes.

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.

Confederacy

The group of Southern states that seceded from the Union during the Civil War.

Four causes of the Civil War

Slavery, states' rights, economic disparities, and political conflicts.

Frederick Douglass

An influential abolitionist leader and writer who escaped slavery and became a prominent advocate for equal rights.