(L3) THE INTERNET AND WWW

What is the Internet?

A worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, education institutions, and individuals. It is the actual physical network that connects millions of computers and resources throughout the world.

When was the Internet (or Net) launched, and what was the original project called?

The Internet was launched in 1969 as a US-funded project called ARPANET.

What was the original goal of ARPANET?

To allow scientists from different locations to share information and work together on military science projects, and to function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by disaster or nuclear attack.

What is the World Wide Web (WWW)?

It is one of the more popular services on the Internet and is a multimedia interface to the resources available on the Internet.

When and where was the World Wide Web introduced?

The World Wide Web was introduced in 1992 at CERN (Center for European Nuclear Research).

What can a Web page contain?

A Web page can contain text, graphics, audio, and video.

What is a Web site?

A Web site is defined as a collection of related Web pages.

What is a Browser?

Programs that provide access to Web resources and allow you to surf the Internet.

What are the main functions of a browser?

To bring information resources to the user (retrieval/fetching), allow users to view the information (display, rendering), and allow users to access other information (navigation, following links).

What common user interface element is used to specify the address or location of a resource?

The URL (Uniform Resource Locator) or the Address Bar.

What are the three main parts of a URL?

1. Protocol (the rules for exchanging data between computers). 2. Domain name (the name of the server where the resource is located). 3. Domain code/top-level domain (identifies the type of organization).

What does the top-level domain identifier .edu stand for?

Education and research.

What are the key Internet Services mentioned in the slides?

Communication, Searching, Online shopping (E-commerce), Entertainment, and Education (e-learning).

What are the three types of communication services?

E-Mail, Discussion Groups, and Instant Messaging.

What is Electronic Mail (E-mail)?

The transmission of electronic messages over the Internet.

What are the three basic parts of an e-mail?

Header (including address, subject, and attachment), Message, and Signature Line.

What are the two types of searching methods used by Search Engines?

Keyword search (user enters keywords or phrases) and Directory search (user chooses a directory or list of categories/topics).

What is Electronic Commerce (E-commerce)?

It is short for electronic commerce and refers to a business transaction that occurs over the Internet.

What are the three types of electronic commerce mentioned?

1. Business to consumer (B2C) (Sale of goods to the general public). 2. Consumer to consumer (C2C) (One consumer sells directly to another). 3. Business to business (B2B) (Business providing goods and services to other businesses).

What are two advantages of E-commerce?

Goods and services can be purchased at any time of day or night, and buyers do not need to go to a shop to buy goods. (Also, Reduce inventory).

What are two disadvantages of E-commerce?

Inability to provide immediate delivery of goods and the security of online payment. (Also, Inability to "try on" prospective purchases).