World History Review

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Flashcards for reviewing World History topics.

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39 Terms

1
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What was the main cause of the French Revolution?

Inequality among social classes and economic crisis.

2
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Which revolutions inspired Latin American independence movements?

American and French Revolutions.

3
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What country became the first black republic after a successful revolution?

Haiti.

4
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What do the unifications of Germany and Italy demonstrate?

Nationalism can unify fragmented states.

5
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What four factors supported industrialization?

Natural resources, technology, food surplus, and stable politics.

6
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How did banking and big business support the Industrial Revolution?

They provided capital for factories and infrastructure.

7
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What was a major effect of urbanization?

Overcrowded cities and poor living conditions.

8
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What was one benefit of labor unions during the Industrial Revolution?

Better wages and working conditions.

9
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What is laissez-faire capitalism?

The belief in minimal government interference in the economy.

10
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How did the Industrial Revolution encourage imperialism?

Nations sought raw materials and new markets.

11
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Who promoted civil disobedience through peaceful protest?

Mahatma Gandhi.

12
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What was a similarity between the Sepoy and Boxer Rebellions?

Both resisted foreign influence.

13
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Madero rebelled against which Mexican leader?

Porfirio Díaz.

14
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What did the Mexican Constitution of 1917 guarantee?

Land reform, workers' rights, and limited foreign control.

15
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What justified imperialism using race-based theories?

Social Darwinism and “White Man’s Burden.”

16
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What event started World War I?

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

17
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Which is NOT a cause of WWI: alliances, imperialism, nationalism, nuclear weapons?

Nuclear weapons.

18
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What is 'total war'?

Mobilization of all resources and people for war.

19
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How did the Treaty of Versailles lead to WWII?

It punished Germany harshly, causing resentment.

20
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What caused the Bolshevik Revolution?

Poverty, war fatigue, and dissatisfaction with the czar.

21
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What was the 'Final Solution'?

Nazi plan to exterminate the Jews.

22
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Why was D-Day important?

It opened a Western front against Nazi Germany.

23
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What event is associated with Hiroshima and Nagasaki?

The U.S. dropping atomic bombs to end WWII.

24
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What did the 1945 Allied leaflet warn Japan about?

Use of atomic bombs unless they surrendered.

25
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WWII was a turning point for colonies because it led to…?

Independence movements.

26
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What does Oppenheimer’s 'two scorpions' quote refer to?

The nuclear arms race.

27
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What was the Cold War?

A period of tension between the U.S. and USSR post-WWII.

28
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What did Churchill’s 'Iron Curtain' speech promote?

The right of people to choose their governments.

29
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What is the purpose of the United Nations?

To maintain global peace and cooperation.

30
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What were the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan designed to do?

Contain communism.

31
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Why was NATO formed?

To defend Western nations from Soviet aggression.

32
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Who led China’s Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution?

Mao Zedong.

33
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What are examples of human rights violations?

Untouchables in India, Holocaust victims, Tiananmen protesters.

34
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Why did Third World nations join the capitalist bloc?

For economic aid and development.

35
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How did the Korean War end?

With an armistice and continued division of Korea.

36
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What did Pol Pot attempt after taking power in Cambodia?

Genocide to create a rural utopia.

37
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What qualifies a country as developed?

Advanced economy, infrastructure, and high living standards.

38
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What was Gorbachev’s goal with glasnost and perestroika?

To reform and open the Soviet economy and society.

39
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What event is represented by Nelson Mandela's 1994 quote?

The end of apartheid and the start of democracy in South Africa.