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Flashcards for reviewing World History topics.
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What was the main cause of the French Revolution?
Inequality among social classes and economic crisis.
Which revolutions inspired Latin American independence movements?
American and French Revolutions.
What country became the first black republic after a successful revolution?
Haiti.
What do the unifications of Germany and Italy demonstrate?
Nationalism can unify fragmented states.
What four factors supported industrialization?
Natural resources, technology, food surplus, and stable politics.
How did banking and big business support the Industrial Revolution?
They provided capital for factories and infrastructure.
What was a major effect of urbanization?
Overcrowded cities and poor living conditions.
What was one benefit of labor unions during the Industrial Revolution?
Better wages and working conditions.
What is laissez-faire capitalism?
The belief in minimal government interference in the economy.
How did the Industrial Revolution encourage imperialism?
Nations sought raw materials and new markets.
Who promoted civil disobedience through peaceful protest?
Mahatma Gandhi.
What was a similarity between the Sepoy and Boxer Rebellions?
Both resisted foreign influence.
Madero rebelled against which Mexican leader?
Porfirio Díaz.
What did the Mexican Constitution of 1917 guarantee?
Land reform, workers' rights, and limited foreign control.
What justified imperialism using race-based theories?
Social Darwinism and “White Man’s Burden.”
What event started World War I?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Which is NOT a cause of WWI: alliances, imperialism, nationalism, nuclear weapons?
Nuclear weapons.
What is 'total war'?
Mobilization of all resources and people for war.
How did the Treaty of Versailles lead to WWII?
It punished Germany harshly, causing resentment.
What caused the Bolshevik Revolution?
Poverty, war fatigue, and dissatisfaction with the czar.
What was the 'Final Solution'?
Nazi plan to exterminate the Jews.
Why was D-Day important?
It opened a Western front against Nazi Germany.
What event is associated with Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
The U.S. dropping atomic bombs to end WWII.
What did the 1945 Allied leaflet warn Japan about?
Use of atomic bombs unless they surrendered.
WWII was a turning point for colonies because it led to…?
Independence movements.
What does Oppenheimer’s 'two scorpions' quote refer to?
The nuclear arms race.
What was the Cold War?
A period of tension between the U.S. and USSR post-WWII.
What did Churchill’s 'Iron Curtain' speech promote?
The right of people to choose their governments.
What is the purpose of the United Nations?
To maintain global peace and cooperation.
What were the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan designed to do?
Contain communism.
Why was NATO formed?
To defend Western nations from Soviet aggression.
Who led China’s Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution?
Mao Zedong.
What are examples of human rights violations?
Untouchables in India, Holocaust victims, Tiananmen protesters.
Why did Third World nations join the capitalist bloc?
For economic aid and development.
How did the Korean War end?
With an armistice and continued division of Korea.
What did Pol Pot attempt after taking power in Cambodia?
Genocide to create a rural utopia.
What qualifies a country as developed?
Advanced economy, infrastructure, and high living standards.
What was Gorbachev’s goal with glasnost and perestroika?
To reform and open the Soviet economy and society.
What event is represented by Nelson Mandela's 1994 quote?
The end of apartheid and the start of democracy in South Africa.