Blood Supply to the Head and Neck & Lymph Nodes

Aorta

Aorta

Main artery leaving the heart and ascends from the left ventricle

Common Carotid Artery

Arises from the aorta and subdivides into the internal and external carotid arteries

Internal Carotid Artery

Supplies blood to the brain and eyes

External Carotid Artery

Provides the major blood supply to the face and the mouth

Muscles of facial expression

Branches and small arteries from maxillary, facial, and ophthalmic

Maxillary bones and maxillary te

Anterior, middle, and posterior alveolar arteries

Mandible and Mandibular te

Inferior alveolar arteries

Tongue

Lingual artery

Muscles of mastication

Facial arteries

What are the three major lymph nodes ?

Cervical, axillary, and inguinal nodes

Where is the cervical node located ?

Neck

Where are the axillary nodes located ?

Under the arms

Where are the Inguinal nodes located ?

Lower abdomen

What does superficial mean ?

Near the surface

What are the five groups of the superficial parotid ?

Occipital

Retroauricular

Anterior auricular

Superficial parotid

Facial nodw

Where are the deep cervical lymph nodes located ?

Along the length of the internal jugular vein on each side of the neck

Deep to sternocleidomastoid

How do lymph nodes respond when a patient has an infection or cancer in a region ?

Increasing in size and become firm

Swollen because lymphocytes cluster

What is it called when the lymph nodes respond ?

Lymphadenopathy

During what type of examination are lymph nodes palpated ?

Extraoral examination

Artery Facial - External Carotid Branch

Supplies blood to which structures

Pharyngeal muscles

Posterior tongue

Soft palate

Submandibular gland

Nasal septum

Nose

Muscles of the face

Eyelids

Tonsils

What is the direction of the facial artery ?

Enters the face - at the inferior border of the mandible

Passes forward and upward across the cheek toward the angle of the mouth

Continues upward across the cheek toward the angle of the mouth

Lingual - External carotid branch

What structures does it supply blood to ?

Tongue

Floor of the mouth

Lingual gingiva

Portion of soft palate and tonsils

Maxillary - External carotid

Inferior Alveolar

Branches form the maxillary artery and enters the mandibular canal, along with the inferior alveolar nerve

Mylohyoid artery

From the I.A.A before entering mandibular canal

Incisive branch

Of I.A.A continue anteriorly within the bone to supply anterior teeth

Mental branch

Of I.A.A passes outward through mental foramen and anterior to supply chin and lower lip

Pterygoid artery

Temporal muscle

Masseter muscle

Buccinator muscle

Pterygoid is divided into 4 branches

Anterior and middle superior alveolar arteries

Posterior superior alveolar artery

Infraorbital artery

Greater palatine artery

Anterior and middle superior alveolar arteries distribute where ?

Maxillary incisors and cuspid teeth and to maxillary sinuses

Where do posterior superior alveolar arteries distribute to ?

Maxillary molars and pre-molars and gingiva

Infraorbital artery distributes where ?

The face

Greater palatine artery ?

Hard palate and lingual gingiva

Maxillary last external carotid section is ?

Pterygopalatine