Native American Creation Myths, Puritan Literature, and Salem Witch Trials

What is Earth on Turtle's Back about?

An Onondaga creation story explaining the origin of the world.

Who are the main characters in Earth on Turtle's Back?

The Sky Woman, her husband, and the animals that help create the earth.

What role does the turtle play in Earth on Turtle's Back?

Supports the earth; symbol of creation and stability.

What lesson does Earth on Turtle's Back teach?

Cooperation, respect for nature, and balance in life.

What is When Grizzlies Walked Upright about?

A Modoc creation myth explaining the origin of humans.

How did humans originate in When Grizzlies Walked Upright?

From grizzlies who disobeyed the sky spirit and became humans.

What lesson does When Grizzlies Walked Upright convey?

Disobedience has consequences; respect for nature.

What is the tone of Native American creation myths?

Reverent, instructive, and connected to nature.

Who wrote Of Plymouth Plantation?

William Bradford.

What type of work is Of Plymouth Plantation?

Historical account / Puritan narrative.

What themes are in Of Plymouth Plantation?

Faith, perseverance, divine providence, and community.

What literary style does Bradford use?

Puritan plain style: simple, direct, religiously focused.

What challenges did the Pilgrims face according to Bradford?

Harsh weather, illness, food shortages, and Native American relations.

What is Winthrop's A Model of Christian Charity about?

A sermon emphasizing community responsibility and moral duty.

What does "city upon a hill" mean?

Puritans should be a model Christian society for the world.

Who delivered Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?

Jonathan Edwards.

What is the main message of Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?

Humans are sinful, and only God's mercy prevents damnation.

What literary devices are used in Edwards' sermon?

Vivid imagery, emotional appeal, biblical allusions.

Who wrote Huswifery?

Edward Taylor.

What is the main metaphor in Huswifery?

The speaker's spiritual life is compared to making cloth.

What theme is central to Huswifery?

Devotion, spiritual transformation, and purification.

What is the purpose of Native American myths?

To teach moral lessons and explain natural phenomena.

How do Bradford and Winthrop reflect Puritan values?

Faith, community, hard work, and moral guidance.

How does Edwards' sermon reflect the Great Awakening?

It emphasizes emotional religious revival and personal salvation.

What is the difference between Native American myths and Puritan writing?

Myths explain origins and nature; Puritan writing emphasizes religion, morality, and historical record.

What inspired The Crucible?

The Salem witch trials of 1692.

Who is the protagonist in The Crucible?

John Proctor.

Who is the antagonist in The Crucible?

Abigail Williams.

What is the main conflict in Act One of The Crucible?

The start of the witchcraft hysteria and tensions in Salem.

What is the main conflict in Act Two of The Crucible?

John and Elizabeth Proctor's marital issues; accusations escalate.

What is the main conflict in Act Three of The Crucible?

Court proceedings reveal lies, false accusations, and moral choices.

What is the main conflict in Act Four of The Crucible?

Consequences of hysteria; Proctor faces moral choice and execution.

What themes are central to The Crucible?

Hysteria, integrity, reputation, fear, and justice.

How does Abigail manipulate others in The Crucible?

She accuses innocent people of witchcraft.

What does Proctor's final choice show?

Integrity and personal honor over self-preservation.

How does Miller connect The Crucible to McCarthyism?

The witch trials parallel fear-driven accusations of communism.

What role does Reverend Hale play in The Crucible?

Initially supports the court, then regrets his actions.

Why is reputation important in Salem?

It influences social standing, decisions, and survival.

What literary devices are prominent in The Crucible?

Irony, symbolism, allegory, and dramatic tension.

What does the poppet (doll) symbolize in The Crucible?

False evidence and hysteria.

What is the significance of the courtroom setting in The Crucible?

Shows the danger of authority and blind justice.

How does fear affect the town in The Crucible?

It spreads quickly and leads to irrational behavior and injustice.

Who confesses falsely to save themselves in The Crucible?

Several characters, but mostly accused witches under threat of death.

How is John Proctor's guilt addressed in The Crucible?

Through his moral struggle and eventual redemption.

How does Miller critique society in The Crucible?

Shows how fear and power can corrupt morality and justice.

What does Elizabeth Proctor represent in The Crucible?

Forgiveness, morality, and the consequences of hysteria.

Who wrote the narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass?

Frederick Douglass.

What genre is the narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass?

Slave narrative / autobiography.

What is the main theme of the narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass?

Brutality of slavery, pursuit of freedom, importance of education.

How does Douglass describe slavery?

Physical abuse, psychological trauma, family separation.

How did Douglass learn to read?

From his mistress and self-education.

Why is literacy important to Douglass?

Empowers him and exposes slavery's injustices.

How does Douglass resist oppression?

Through literacy, defiance, and eventual escape.

How does religion appear in Douglass's narrative?

Critiqued when used to justify slavery; true religion is moral and compassionate.

What does Douglass's narrative teach about freedom?

It is earned through courage, education, and persistence.

How does Douglass depict slave owners?

Cruel, dehumanizing, and morally corrupt.

How does Douglass inspire change?

By revealing the realities of slavery to Northern audiences.

What is the significance of Douglass's narrative?

Influenced abolitionist movements and American literature.

Who delivered the 'Speech in the Virginia Convention'?

Patrick Henry.

What is the key line from Henry's speech?

'Give me liberty, or give me death!'

What is the purpose of the speech?

To persuade colonists to fight against Britain.

Who wrote American Crisis Number 1?

Thomas Paine.

What is the purpose of American Crisis Number 1?

Inspire troops and colonists to continue fighting in the Revolutionary War.

What line opens American Crisis Number 1?

'These are the times that try men's souls.'

Who wrote 'Speech in the Convention'?

Benjamin Franklin.

What was Franklin advocating?

Compromise and unity during the Constitutional Convention.

What rhetorical strategies does Franklin use?

Logic, humility, and appeals to collective responsibility.

What themes are central to Age of Reason writings?

Liberty, patriotism, reason, and civic duty.

How does Paine inspire courage?

By appealing to emotion and patriotic duty.

How do Henry, Paine, and Franklin reflect Revolutionary ideals?

Advocating independence, reason, unity, and action.

What is persuasive rhetoric?

Using logic, emotion, or credibility to convince an audience.

How does Franklin balance criticism with diplomacy in his speech?

By acknowledging flaws but emphasizing cooperation.

How does Paine define the character of a true patriot?

Someone willing to endure hardship and fight for liberty.

What is a metaphor?

A comparison between two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as.'

What is symbolism?

Using an object, character, or action to represent a larger idea.

What is imagery?

Descriptive language that appeals to the senses.

What is allusion?

A reference to another work, event, or figure, often historical or biblical.

What is irony?

A contrast between expectation and reality.

What is allegory?

A story in which characters and events represent larger concepts or moral lessons.

What is pathos?

An appeal to the audience's emotions.

What is ethos?

An appeal based on credibility or character.

What is logos?

An appeal to logic or reason.

How do Native American myths use symbolism?

Animals and natural elements represent lessons, creation, or moral ideas.

How does Puritan writing emphasize morality?

Through plain style, biblical references, and didactic content.

How do Revolutionary writings use rhetoric?

To persuade, inspire action, and justify rebellion.

How does The Crucible use allegory?

Witch trials symbolize McCarthyism and fear-driven persecution.

What themes are shared between Douglass and Revolutionary writings?

Freedom, resistance to oppression, and moral duty.

How does fear operate in The Crucible vs. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?

Leads to hysteria in Salem; motivates spiritual awakening in Edwards' sermon.

What role does education play in Douglass's life?

It is key to self-liberation and empowerment.

What role does community play in Puritan writings?

Collective morality and support; everyone is responsible to God and each other.

How do myths explain natural phenomena?

Through storytelling and symbolism instead of scientific explanation.

How do authors convey moral lessons?

Through allegory, metaphor, narrative consequences, and sermons.

How does Huswifery reflect Puritan spirituality?

Shows personal devotion, transformation, and desire to glorify God.

What is the significance of the Mayflower in Of Plymouth Plantation?

Symbol of faith, perseverance, and divine guidance.

How is integrity explored in The Crucible?

Proctor maintains personal honor despite death.

How is liberty emphasized in Revolutionary writings?

Through persuasive appeals to fight for independence and justice.

What is a central motif in Edwards' sermon?

Human vulnerability and God's wrath.

How do characters in The Crucible respond to fear?

Some falsely confess, some accuse others, some uphold integrity.

What is the purpose of Douglass describing slave brutality in detail?

To expose the reality of slavery and motivate abolitionist support.

How do literary works reflect the culture of their time?

By showing values, beliefs, fears, and social norms through characters, themes, and style.