A&P Chap 12 Blood

Agglutin-

To glue together

Bil-

Bile

Embol-

Stopper

Erythr-

Red

Hemo-

Blood

Leuko-

White

-osis

Abnormal Condition

-poiet

Formation

-stas

Halt

Thromb-

Clot

Functions of Blood

Transport nutrients, wastes, hormones, heat, and provides defense.

Blood is comprised of

Ethrocytyes, Leukocytes, Thrombocytes, and plasma.

Plasma contains

Water, sugar, amino acids, proteins, lipids, hormones, vitamins, wastes, ions, and more

Ethrocytes

Red blood cells

Leukocytes

White blood cells

Thrombocytes

Platlets

Ethrocytes are good carriers of oxygen because

They are biconcave and small, increasing surface area, comprised of 1/3 hemoglobin, and are very abundant in the blood.

Red blood cells are produced in

Red bone marrow

When Red Blood cells die they are

Destroyed in the spleen and liver, broken down into iron and pigments, and globen is broken down into amino acids

Thrombocytes function in

Hemostasis

Hemostasis

Process by which blood clots

First step of hemostasis

Platlets form a plug

Second step of hemostasis

Prothrombin activator is produced

Third step of hemostasis

Prothrombin activator catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Fourth step of hemostasis

Thrombin catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin which forms the clot

Neutrophils

Most numerous white blood cells. 3-6 lobed nucleus. Produce antibiotic defensins & hydrolytic enzymes. Phagocytic. Prefer neutral environments.

Eosinophils

Fourth most abundant white blood cells. 2 lobed nucleus. Releases enzymes against parisitic worms. Phagocytizes antigen-antibody complexes. Prefer acidic environment.

Basophils

Least abundant white blood cells. V or S shaped nucleus. Release histamines during inflammatory response.

Monocytes

Third most abundant white blood cells. Largest white blood cells. U shaped nucleus. Differentiate into macrophages. Function in nonspecific phagocytosis.

Lymphocytes

Second most abundant white blood cells. Single large nucleus. Function in antigen recognition and antibody production to produce immunity. Found in the lymphatic system.

Granulocytes

Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and

Agranulocytes

Monocytes and Lymphocytes